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. 2024 Nov 22;16(11):e74247. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74247

Table 3. Multivariate analysis of overall survival (cox-regression).

N = 9210   Hazard ratio  95% Confidence interval p-value
Age   1.061 1.058-1.065 <0.001
Sex Male reference    
  Female 0.864 0.802-0.932 <0.001
Race White patients reference    
  Black patients 1.740 1.232 - 2.455 0.006
  Other00 0.929 0.708-1.221 0.599
Hispanic origin Non-Spanish, Non-Hispanic patients reference    
  Hispanic patients 1.159 0.998 - 1.346 0.056
Insurance status Not insured reference    
  Private insurance 0.611 0.475-0.787 <0.001
  Medicaid 1.162 0.848-1.594 0.350
  Medicare 0.638 0.494 - 0.824 <0.001
  Other government 0.557 0.356 - 0.870 0.010
Treatment facility Community cancer program reference    
  Comprehensive community cancer program 0.691 0.433-0.861 0.040
  Academic/research program 0.604 0.398-0.742 0.002
  Integrated network cancer program 0.573 0.369-0.683 <0.001
Urban/rural (2020) Metropolitan reference    
  Urban 0.964 0.871-1.068 0.488
  Rural 1.222 0.863-1.728 0.258
Median household income (2020)   reference    
  $57,857-$74,062 0.781 0.386 - 1.581 0.492
  $46,277-$57,856 0.714 0.354-1.440 0.347
  $74,063 0.683 0.340-1.375 0.286
Percent without a high school degree >=15.3% reference    
  9.1%-15.2% 1.900 0.934-3.864 0.076
  5.0%-9.0% 1.698 0.837-3.443 0.142
  <5.0% 1.665 0.823-3.369 0.156
Charlson–Deyo score 0 reference    
  1 1.132 1.033-1.240 0.008
  2 1.521 1.299-1.781 <0.001
  >=3 1.922 1.579-2.341 <0.001
Primary tumor location Skin of the head or neck reference    
  Skin of trunk 1.034 0.938-1.140 0.502
  Skin of the extremities 0.803 0.738-0.873 <0.001
  Overlapping lesion of skin or NOS 0.914 0.786-1.063 0.243
Stage 0 reference    
  I 0.667 0.391-1.138 0.137
  II 1.030 0.606-1.750 0.914
  III 1.501 0.878-2.565 0.138
  IV 3.278 1.908-5.635 <0.001
Histology Mixed epithelial and spindle cell melanoma reference    
  Spindle cell melanoma, NOS 1.024 0.920-1.140 0.664
Behavior In-situ and synonymous with in-situ reference    
  Invasive 1.044 0.405-2.688 0.930
Surgery Not performed reference    
  Performed 0.841 0.750-0.943 0.003
Radiation Not performed reference    
  Performed 1.257 1.146-1.379 <0.001
Immunotherapy Not performed reference    
  Performed 0.770 0.677-0.875 <0.001
Chemotherapy Not performed reference    
  Performed 1.604 1.370-1.877 <0.001