Fig. 3.

In vitro antibacterial performance of the samples: (a) Images of S. aureus and E. coli bacterial colonies after co-cultured with samples, (b) Effect of samples on biofilm formation of S. aureus and E. coli, (c) Counts of S. aureus and E. coli bacterial colonies after co-cultured with samples, (d) Semi-quantitative analysis after dissolution by crystalline violet staining, (e) SEM images of S. aureus and E. coli on the surface of samples, and (f) Fluorescence images of S. aureus and E. coli bacterial ROS expression levels after co-cultured with samples.