FIGURE 1.

Pathological characteristics of the periprosthetic membrane. (a) H&E staining of SM and PM. Immunohistochemical analysis of (b) GSDMD (c) IL‐1β (d, e) relative quantitation of GSDMD positive area (%) and IL‐1β positive area (%) (scale bar, 100 µm, 30 µm [enlarged]. The data in the figures represent the averages ± SD, n = 3 samples per group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).