Table 1. Lattice parameters and crystallite size of Eu³⁺-doped ZnO QDs.

Sample	a (Å)	c (Å)	2θ (101)	β × 10−2 (rad)	Cell volume (Å3)	D (nm)	ε × 10−3
Z0	3.247	5.260	36.52°	1.85	46.80	7.89	1.40
Z0.5	3.249	5.263	36.47°	1.85	46.87	7.89	1.40
Z1	3.251	5.267	36.40°	1.84	46.98	7.93	1.39
Z3	3.253	5.270	36.34°	1.82	47.06	8.02	1.38
Z5	3.255	5.273	36.27°	1.81	47.15	8.06	1.38
Z7	3.257	5.277	36.21°	1.79	47.25	8.15	1.37