Table 3.
Comparison of patient characteristics between LA and RALS
| Factor | LS n = 63 |
RALS n = 37 |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years old) | 63 (43–80) | 63 (26–83) | 0.86 |
| Sex (male/female) | 43/20 | 29/8 | 0.28 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 (18.1–33.1) | 22.5 (17.1–31.9) | 0.87 |
| Comorbidities (yes/no) | 29/29 | 19/11 | 0.23 |
| ・BPH (yes/no)* | 5/36* | 2/21* | 1.00* |
| ・Prostate-related comorbidities (yes/no)** | 6/35* | 3/20* | 1.00* |
| Previous abdominal surgery (yes/no) | 20/37 | 5/19 | 0.29 |
| ASA (1/2/3) | 21/40/0 | 2/34/0 | < 0.01 |
| Preoperative treatment (TNT/NACRT/NAC/none) | 0/13/26/24 | 3/5/19/10 | 0.045 |
| ・Preoperative RT (yes/no) | 13/50 | 8/29 | 0.91 |
| Tumor location (Ra/Rb) | 11/52 | 9/28 | 0.69 |
| Distance from AV to tumor (cm) | 4 (0–10) | 6.5 (2–11) | < 0.01 |
| (y)pStage (0(pCR)/I/II/IIIA/IIIB/IV) | 14/46 | 3/23 | 0.25 |
*Only males
**Prostate-related comorbidities involve BPH and prostate cancer after treatment
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; BPH: benign prostatic hyperplasia; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status; TNT: total neoadjuvant therapy; NACRT: neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy; NAC: neoadjuvant chemotherapy; RT: radiotherapy; Ra: upper rectum; Rb: lower rectum; AV: anal verge; (y)pStage: (post preoperative therapy) pathological stage; pCR: pathological complete response