Table 4.
Comparison of operative results between LS and RALS
| Factor | LS n = 63 |
RALS n = 37 |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical procedure (APR/LAR, ISR, Hartmann) | 38/25 | 12/25 | < 0.01 |
| Operative time (minutes) | 527 (385–833) | 626 (385–815) | < 0.01 |
| Blood loss (ml) | 100 (10-2300) | 50 (15–560) | < 0.01 |
| LLND laterality (bilateral/unilateral) | 36/27 | 29/8 | 0.03 |
| LLND time (minutes) | |||
| ・Bilateral | 156 (95–256) | 170 (90–230) | 0.51 |
| ・Unilateral | 80 (47–120) | 94 (72–143) | 0.36 |
| Harvested LN (total) | 26 (6–59) | 26.5 (5–76) | 0.66 |
| Harvested LN (LLND) | 11 (2–33) | 11 (1–40) | 0.57 |
| IVA resection (yes/no) | 7/56 | 3/34 | 0.74 |
| LCA preservation (yes/no) | 17/31 | 0/27 | < 0.01 |
| DS creation (yes/no) | 23/33 | 22/11 | 0.03 |
| IOCs (yes/no) | 18/44 | 7/27 | 0.37 |
| Conversion to open surgery (yes/no) | 1/62 | 0/37 | 1.00 |
| POCs (CD ≥ Grade 2) (yes/no) | 33/30 | 26/11 | 0.08 |
| ・Urinary dysfunction (yes/no) | 15/48 | 11/26 | 0.51 |
| ・Ileus (yes/no) | 6/57 | 6/31 | 0.32 |
| ・SSI (yes/no) | 6/57 | 0/37 | 0.08 |
| ・Anastomotic leakage (yes/no) | 3/60 | 2/35 | 1.00 |
| ・High output syndrome (yes/no) | 1/62 | 3/34 | 0.14 |
| Duration of urinary catheterization (days) | 4 (2–55) | 5 (2-459) | < 0.01 |
| Postoperative length of stay (days) | 15 (7–73) | 16 (11–42) | 0.34 |
Abbreviations: LS: laparoscopic surgery; RALS: robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery; APR: abdominoperineal resection; LAR: low anterior resection; ISR: intersphincteric resection; LLND: lateral lymph node dissection; LN: lymph node; IVA: inferior vesical artery; LCA: left colic artery; DS: diverting stoma; IOCs: intraoperative complications; POCs: postoperative complications; CD: Clavien-Dindo classification; SSI: surgical site infection; DUC: duration of urinary catheterization