Table 2.
Characteristics of the selected investigations for the meta-analysis
| Study | Country | Study design | Total | Minimally invasive surgery | Open-surgical management | Outcomes measured | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | BMI (SD) | Age (years) | No. | BMI (SD) | Age (years) | |||||
| Lee, 2002 [30] | Taiwan | Prospective | 60 | 30 | 54.4 (12.6) | 46.2/ | 30 | 56.3 (10.4) | 48 | POACs |
| Steed, 2004 [31] | Canada | Retrospective | 276 | 71 | NA | 43/ | 205 | NA | 44 | POACs |
| Sharma, 2006 [32] | UK | Retrospective | 67 | 35 | NA | 43.4 | 32 | NA | 42.8 | POACs |
| Frumovitz, 2007 [33] | USA | Retrospective | 89 | 35 | 28.1 | 40.8 | 54 | 28.2 | 42.5 |
POACs, PI & A |
| Li, 2007 [34] | China | Retrospective | 125 | 90 | NA | 42 | 35 | NA | 44 | POACs |
| Uccella, 2007 [35] | Italy | Retrospective | 98 | 50 | 23 | 47 | 48 | 25 | 53 | POACs |
| Morgan, 2007 [36] | Ireland | Retrospective | 60 | 30 | 25 | 35 | 30 | 24 | 38 | WI, POACs |
| Zakashansky, 2007 [37] | USA | Prospective | 60 | 30 | NA | 48.3 | 30 | NA | 46.6 | WI, POACs |
| Boggess, 2008 [38] | USA | Retrospective | 100 | 51/ robotic laparoscopy | 28.6 (7.2) | 47.4 | 49 | 26.1 | 41.9 | WI, POACs,, PI & A |
| Ko, 2008 [39] | USA | Retrospective | 48 | 16/ robotic laparoscopy | 27.6(6.4) | 42.3 | 32 | 26.6 (5.9) | 41.7 | WI, POACs,, PI & A |
| Papacharalabous, 2009 [40] | UK | Retrospective | 26 | 14 | NA | 38.6 | 12 | NA | 43.5 | WI, POACs |
| Estape, 2009 [41] | USA | Retrospective | 63 | 49/ robotic laparoscopy | 29.7 (3.2) | 55 | 14 | 28.1 (4.8) | 52.8 | POACs,, PI & A |
| Maggioni, 2009 [42] | USA | Retrospective | 80 | 40/ robotic laparoscopy | 24.1 (5.5) | 44.1 | 40 | 23.6 (5.0) | 49.8 | WI, POACs |
| Malzoni, 2009 [43] | Italy | Retrospective | 147 | 65 | 26 | 40.5 | 82 | 29 | 42.7 | POACs |
| Sobiczewski, 2009 [44] | Poland | Retrospective | 80 | 22 | NA | 45.4 | 58 | NA | 51.1 | WI, POACs |
| Pahisa, 2010 [45] | Spain | Retrospective | 90 | 67 | 25.4 (1.1) | 51 | 23 | 27.2 2.5) | 48 | WI, POACs |
| Lee, 2011 [46] | Korea | Retrospective | 72 | 24 | 23.4 (3.55) | 48.4 | 48 | 23.9 (4.7) | 50.2 | POACs |
| Sert, 2011 [47] | Norway | Retrospective | 68 | 42/ robotic laparoscopy | 25.4 (4.36) | 44.1 | 26 | 22.5 (1.84) | 45 | POACs |
| Taylor, 2011 [48] | USA | Retrospective | 27 | 9 | 26.3 | 41.4 | 18 | 26.9 | 41.1 | WI, POACs |
| Gortchev, 2012 [49] | Bulgaria | Retrospective | 294 | 119 | NA | 46 | 175 | NA | 42.5 | POACs |
| Park, 2012 [50] | Korea | Retrospective | 166 | 54 | 31.8 (1.4) | 49.4 | 112 | 31.7 (1.5) | 52.1 | WI, POACs |
| Nam, 2012 [51] | Korea | Retrospective | 526 | 263 | NA | NA | 263 | NA | NA | WI,, PI & A |
| Park, 2013 [52] | Korea | Retrospective | 303 | 115 | 23.1 | 48.5 | 188 | 23.7 | 48.1 | POACs,, PI & A |
| Lim, 2013 [53] | Singapore | Prospective | 48 | 18 | 22.9 | 48 | 30 | 22.4 | 47 | WI, POACs |
| Campos, 2013 [54] | Brazil | Randomized-controlled trial | 30 | 16 | NA | 36.2 | 14 | NA | 39.6 | POACs |
| Bogani, 2014 [55] | Italy | Retrospective | 130 | 65 | 25.1 (5.2) | 48.9 | 65 | 25.9 (6.1) | 50.9 | WI, POACs |
| Chen, 2014 [56] | Taiwan | Retrospective | 100 | 56/ robotic laparoscopy | 24.4 (4.9) | 53.7 | 44 | 23.2 (3.4) | 51.2 | WI, POACs |
| Yin, 2014 [57] | China | Retrospective | 45 | 22 | NA | 44 | 23 | NA | 46 | WI, POACs |
| Asciutto, 2015 [58] | Sweden | Retrospective | 250 | 65/ robotic laparoscopy | 27.0 (6.0) | 45.4 | 185 | 25.7 (4.7) | 45.7 | POACs |
| Xiao, 2015 [59] | China | Retrospective | 154 | 106 | 23.8 (3.9) | 43.7 | 48 | 24.7 (3.8) | 45.7 | WI, POACs |
| Ditto, 2015 [60] | Italy | Retrospective | 120 | 60 | 24.4 (2.9) | 46 | 60 | 24.0 (4.3) | 45.5 | POACs |
| Park, 2016 [61] | Korea | Retrospective | 293 | 186 | 23.7 | 45.3 | 107 | 23.6 | 47.3 | POACs |
| Shah, 2017 [62] | USA | Retrospective | 311 | 109/ robotic laparoscopy | 27.9 | 45.2 | 202 | 29.1 | 45.4 | WI, POACs,, PI & A |
| Corrado, 2018 [63] | Italy | Retrospective | 341 | 240/ robotic laparoscopy | 23.3 | 46 | 101 | 23.5 | 45 | WI, POACs |
| Guo, 2018 [64] | China | Retrospective | 551 | 412 | 22.8 | 46 | 139 | 23.2 | 45 | WI |
| Bogani, 2019 [65] | Italy | Retrospective | 70 | 35 | 22.9 (4.0) | 41.1 | 35 | 20.1 (9.3) | 44.1 | POACs |
| Matanes, 2019 [66] | Canada | Retrospective | 98 | 74/ robotic laparoscopy | 26.4 | 48 | 24 | 26.2 | 47 | WI, POACs |
| Piedimonte, 2019 [67] | Canada | Retrospective | 3333 | 749/ robotic laparoscopy | NA | NA | 2584 | NA | NA | WI, POACs |
| Yuan, 2019 [68] | China | Retrospective, single center | 198 | 99 | 44.6 (7.6) | 43.6 | 99 | 24.6 (1.5) | 44.6 | WI, POACs |
| Li, 2021 [69] | China | Retrospective | 1207 | 661 | NA | 46.9 | 546 | NA | 47.03 | POACs |
| Zaccarini, 2021 [70] | France | Retrospective | 93 | 61 | 26.4 (4.7) | 48.3 | 32 | 27.2 (6.0) | 51 | POACs,, PI & A |
| Jing, 2023 [71] | China | Retrospective | 61 | 45 | NA | 49.06 | 16 | NA | 49.37 | WI, POACs |
| Vázquez-Vicente a, 2024 [72] | Spain | Retrospective | 117 | 39 | 25.4 (4.9) | 47.1 | 78 | 25.6 (6.1) | 46.8 | WI, POACs |
| Vázquez-Vicente b, 2024 [72] | Spain | Retrospective | 1156 | 633 | 25.1 (5.3) | 46 | 523 | 25.7 (4.6) | 48 | WI, POACs |
| Total | 11,631 | 5072 | 6559 | |||||||
NA: not available, PI & A: Pelvic infection & Abscess, POACs: postoperative aggregate complications, WI: wound infection