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. 2024 Dec 19;11:2493–2504. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S500084

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© 2024 Liu et al.

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Mechanisms of sorafenib resistance across Hippo YAP pathway, LIFR-NF-κB-LCN2 pathway, and GSTZ1-GPX4 pathway.

Abbreviations: YAP, yes-associated protein; LIFR, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor; LCN2, lipocalin 2; GSTZ1, glutathione S-transferase zeta 1; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; SLC7A11, solute carrier family 7 member 11; Keap1, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; GSH, glutathione; ROS, reactive oxygen species.