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. 2024 Nov 19;10(23):e40540. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40540

Table 5.

Cross-industry and same-industry patent citation moderating effect test.

Variable High number of patent citations in the same industry
Low number of patent citations in the same industry
High number of cross-industry patent citations
Low number of cross-industry patent citations
Exploitative Exploitative Exploratory Exploratory
HG 0.203∗∗ 0.063 0.866∗ 0.094
(2.29) (0.74) (1.94) (0.83)
HL −0.194 −0.682 −0.838 1.023∗
(-0.24) (-0.76) (-0.63) (1.70)
SIZE 0.189∗∗ 0.214∗∗∗ −0.221 0.026
(2.30) (2.84) (-1.38) (0.35)
LEV 0.423 −0.046 −0.561 −0.391∗
(1.35) (-0.18) (-0.99) (-1.78)
SOE −0.232∗ −0.129 0.135 0.138
(-1.72) (-1.14) (0.45) (1.26)
FIXED −0.839∗∗ −0.119 0.227 −0.105
(-2.17) (-0.37) (0.31) (-0.36)
TMTPay1 −0.015 −0.064 0.113 0.081
(-0.20) (-0.86) (0.83) (1.31)
MFEE 2.625∗∗∗ 4.393∗∗∗ 3.944∗∗ 1.523∗∗∗
(3.05) (6.80) (2.42) (2.79)
TOP3 −0.011∗∗∗ −0.009∗∗∗ 0.014∗ 0.011∗∗∗
(-2.63) (-2.60) (1.66) (3.31)
WW 2.236∗∗ 0.480 −2.423 −0.276
(2.16) (0.49) (-1.49) (-0.38)
FirmAge −0.326 −0.304 0.819 −0.224
(-1.25) (-1.46) (1.26) (-0.76)
Year Yes Yes Yes Yes
Industry Yes Yes Yes Yes
Constant −0.582 −2.264∗ −2.539 −1.342
(-0.38) (-1.65) (-0.73) (-0.86)
R2 0.0398 0.0172 0.0782 0.0606
Wald χ2 86.63 102.85 46.21 68.87