Fig. 3.

Amino acids 89-96 are required for TLR5 activation. (A) Sequence alignment (clustalw) of flagellin proteins from bacteria that activate TLR5 with those of the α and ε Proteobacteria. Asterisks indicate residues in this region previously determined to be important for TLR5 recognition (3). (B) Table listing flagellin chimeras made and their corresponding EC₅₀ ± SD. ND, not detected. (C) Dose-response curve of CHO-hTLR5 to purified flagellin chimeras. (D) Salmonella typhimurium BC696 (SL1344 fliC-fljB-) expressing wild-type or the 89-96 FlaA FliC flagellin chimera was stab-inoculated into motility agar and photographed. Data are representative of three independent experiments.