Table 1.
Changes of sclerostin in patients with T1D and T2D.
| Authors,Year | Type of Study | Study Subjects | Major Findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type 1 diabetes | |||
| Wedrychowicz et al., 2019 (26) | A cross-sectional study | 40 patients with T1D and 28 healthy as controls | Sclerostin levels were significantly higher in patients with T1D than in the control group without significant differences between genders |
| Rubin et al., 2022 (27) | A cross-sectional study | 232 T1D participants and 104 control participants without diabetes followed for >30 years | Compared with the control participants, T1D had higher levels of sclerostin |
| Neumann et al., 2014 (28) | A cross-sectional study | 128 men and premenopausal women with long-standing T1D and 77 age-, body mass index and gender-matched healthy individuals | Serum sclerostin levels were increased in patients with T1D, and the positive correlation of age with serum sclerostin levels was stronger in T1D |
| Kurban et al., 2022 (29) | A cross-sectional study | 40 children and adolescents with T1D between the ages of 7 and 17, and 40 healthy children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 17 | The level of sclerostin in T1D is elevated, but the difference is not statistically significant, which may be due to the small sample size |
| Hygum et al., 2017 (30) | A systematic review and meta-analysis | – | Serum sclerostin was significantly higher in patients with T1D compared with controls |
| Faienza et al., 2017 (31) | A cross-sectional study | 106 T1D subjects and 80 controls | Serum sclerostin levels are elevated in patients with T1D |
| Type 2 diabetes | |||
| Gennari et al., 2012 (32) | A cross-sectional study | 40 T2D and 43 T1D patients were studied and compared with a reference control group (n = 83) | Sclerostin levels were higher in T2D than in controls or T1D patients |
| Garcia-Martin et al., 2012 (33) | A cross-sectional study | T2D group (n = 74) and control group (n = 50) | Sclerostin levels were significantly higher in T2D patients than control subjects and in T2D males than in T2D females |
| Singh et al., 2022 (34) | An observational study | A total of 171 study participants were enrolled in T2D, pre-T2D, and controls groups, having 57 each in the group | From healthy to pre-T2D to T2D, the level of sclerostin increased gradually |
| Frysz et al., 2022 (36) | A meta-analysis | 5069 participants with complete data | Higher sclerostin levels were associated with higher risk of T2D, risk of elevated fasting glucose, and triglyceride levels |
| Piccoli et al., 2020 (37) | A cross-sectional study | Bone tissue from femoral heads of 19 T2D postmenopausal women and 73 age- and body mass index-comparable nondiabetic women undergoing hip replacement surgery | A significantly higher SOST (p = 0.006) in T2D compared with non-diabetic subjects |