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. 2024 Nov 6;637(8044):145–155. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08168-4

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 7 — A) Left: Example raster of activity of cells during Neutral and Aversive encoding. Cells that were cross-registered during both sessions were aligned, concatenated, and labelled with the context they were associated with. Support vector machines (SVMs) were trained on this activity (see Methods for details). Middle: Example distributions of accuracy using the true data (in blue) and using shuffled label controls (in grey). The dots above the distributions represent the mean accuracy of the distribution. Right: Quantification of accuracy between True vs Shuffle in low- and high-shock mice. Accuracy of the True data was significantly higher than Shuffle in both low- and high-shock groups (F_1,12 = 38.49, p = 0.000046), and there was no difference in low- and high-shock mice (F_1,12 = 0.015, p = 0.22) and no interaction (F_1,12 = 0.014, p = 0.23) (low-shock, n = 6 mice; high-shock, n = 8 mice). B) Left: Example of population vector correlations within and between Neutral and Aversive encoding. Cells across sessions were again aligned and concatenated, as in Extended Data Fig. 7a. Then moment-to-moment correlation matrices were constructed to compare population activity within (intra) and between (inter) encoding sessions. Right: Quantification of population vector correlations within and between sessions. Intra-session correlations were higher than Inter-session correlations (F_1,12 = 6.74, p = 0.02). There was no effect of Amplitude (F_1,12 = 1.50, p = 0.24) or Interaction (F_1,12 = 0.65, p = 0.44). Moreover, Intra-session correlations were significantly greater than 0 in low-shock (t₅ = 5.00, p = 0.016) and high-shock (t₇ = 3.08, p = 0.036), whereas Inter-session correlations were not significantly greater than 0 in low-shock (t₅ = 0.23, p = 0.88) or high-shock (t₇ = 0.15, p = 0.88). (low-shock, n = 6 mice; high-shock, n = 8 mice). C) Ensemble overlap between Neutral and Aversive encoding in low- vs high-shock mice. There was no difference in ensemble overlap between Neutral and Aversive encoding in low- vs high-shock mice (t_11.43, p = 0.13) (low-shock, n = 6 mice; high-shock, n = 8 mice).