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. 2024 Dec 10;12:1457921. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1457921

Table 10.

Heterogeneity analysis: regression quartiles.

Variant Dependent variable: Multidimensional relative poverty index
Q10 Q25 50 Q75 Q90
Formal financial participation −0.043*** (0.012) −0.036*** (0.010) −0.019*** (0.007) −0.016** (0.008) −0.006** (0.003)
Informal financial participation 0.001 (0.005) 0.002 (0.006) −0.009** (0.045) −0.020*** (0.006) −0.021*** (0.007)
Control variable Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled
Constant term 0.233*** (0.037) 0.345*** (0.037) 0.605*** (0.061) 0.757*** (0.008) 0.817*** (0.088)
N 5,303 5,303 5,303 5,303 5,303

*** and ** indicate significance at the 1% and 5% levels, respectively; control variables remain consistent with those listed in Table 4; q represents the quartile point, with five quartiles −10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90%—selected in ascending order.