Table 1.
Basic characteristics of all the included studies.
| Study | Location | Study design | Sample size | Age (year) | Male (%) | Follow-up (month) | TMAO level | Adjustment model | Outcomes | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li et al. (28) | China | Prospective | 509 | 61 (53.4, 60.6) | 423 (83.1) | 12 | >12.7 μmol | Yes | MACE | 7 |
| Gencer et al. (38) | USA | Prospective | 1,803 | ≥65 | 1,343 (74.4) | 33 | >7.22 μmol | Yes | MACE | 8 |
| Gąsecka et al. (37) | Poland | Prospective | 84 | 64.4 | 42 (73.7) | 42 | 478 ng/ml | Yes | MACE | 8 |
| Zhao et al. (39) | China | Retrospective | 1,004 | 63.6 ± 11.3 | 700 (69.7) | 12 | >2.86 μmol | Yes | MACE | 7 |
| Sheng et al. (40) | China | Prospective | 388 | 58.7 ± 12.1 | 270 (80.6) | >12 | >2.46 μM | Yes | SYNTAX score and multivessel disease | 8 |
| Aldujeli et al. (41) | Republic of Lithuania | Prospective | 200 | 65.5 (58, 76) | 81 (40.5) | 12 | NR | Yes | new-onset atrial fibrillation | 8 |
| Zhou et al. (31) | China | Prospective | 1,208 | 73 (64, 80) | 828 (68.5) | 22.4 | >7.92 μmol | Yes | MACE | 8 |
| Suzuki et al. (30) | UK | Prospective | 1,079 | 67 (57, 77) | 777 (72.0) | 24 | >5.1 μmol | Yes | All-cause mortality and recurrent MI | 7 |
| Waleed et al. (42) | China | Prospective | 108 | 60.1 ± 12.1 | 61 (69.3) | NR | NR | Yes | SYNTAX score and multivessel disease | 9 |
NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa scale; TMAO, trimethylamine N-oxide; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events.