Table 1.
Meso-mechanical parameters of standard-sized basalt samples used in FDEM models.
| Mechanical parameters | Matrix | Hidden crack | Loading plate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bulk density, ρ (kg/m3) | 2900.00 | 8000 | |
| Poisson's ratio, ν | 0.15 | 0.25 | |
| Young's modulus, E (GPa) | 50.00 | 210 | |
| Internal friction angle, φ (°) | 40.00 | 25.00 | 0.7 |
| Cohesive strength, c (MPa) | 75.00 | 15.00 | 200 |
| Tensile strength, ft (MPa) | 18.50 | 4.00 | 200 |
| Mode-I fracture energy, Gf1 (N/m) | 100.00 | 20.00 | 2400 |
| Mode-II fracture energy, Gf2 (N/m) | 1000.00 | 200.00 | 24000 |
| Normal contact penalty, Pn (GPa·m) | 500.00 | 100.00 | 2100 |
| Tangential contact penalty, Pt (GPa/m) | 500.00 | 100.00 | 2100 |
| Fracture penalty, Pf (GPa) | 500.00 | 100.00 | 2100 |