Table 1.

The impact of PV panels on soil physicochemical properties, microbial respiration and biomass.

Site	SBR (mg C g dry soil−1 h−1)	Microbial biomass	Rmass (mg C lg copies−1 h−1)	pH	WHC	NH4+-N (mg/L)	NO3—N (mg/L)	Total carbon (g/kg)	Total nitrogen (g/kg)
Control	0.18 ± 0.03b	16.19 ± 0.22b	0.010 ± 0.001b	8.53 ± 0.08a	0.21 ± 0.006b	0.27 ± 0.01b	0.98 ± 0.22	10.48 ± 0.74b	0.62 ± 0.12b
Down	0.27 ± 0.03a	16.76 ± 0.12ab	0.014 ± 0.001a	8.27 ± 0.06b	0.25 ± 0.008a	0.34 ± 0.03a	0.84 ± 0.17	14.45 ± 0.96a	1.12 ± 0.11a
Mid	0.24 ± 0.01a	16.81 ± 0.16a	0.014 ± 0.001a	8.32 ± 0.05ab	0.24 ± 0.009a	0.29 ± 0.01ab	0.92 ± 0.11	13.99 ± 0.96a	1.09 ± 0.13a
Statistical significance	F2,40 = 5.68, p = 0.007	F2,34 = 3.94, p = 0.03	F2,33 = 7.55, p = 0.002	F2,40 = 4.42, p = 0.02	F2,40 = 5.14, p = 0.01	F2,40 = 3.72, p = 0.03	F2,40 = 0.39, p = 0.68	F2,40 = 4.51, p = 0.02	F2,40 = 4.32, p = 0.02

Data are expressed as mean ± SE. The statistically significant differences are shown in bold (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters between groups indicate a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).