Table 4.
Association between different types of childhood maltreatment (CM) and admissions for depression, anxiety disorders and PTSD at 30-year follow up (all p < 0.001)
Depression |
Anxiety excluding PTSD |
PTSD |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Models |
Variable |
OR |
95% CI |
OR |
95% CI |
OR |
95% CI |
Bivariate (unadjusted) |
Sex - female |
1.56 |
1.40–1.73 |
1.23 |
1.13–1.33 |
1.97 |
1.51–2.57 |
Indigenous - yes |
4.54 |
3.95–5.21 |
3.68 |
3.28–4.13 |
5.21 |
3.79–7.16 |
|
Any CM notification |
5.65 |
4.95–6.44 |
5.31 |
4.78–5.89 |
10.04 |
7.64–13.20 |
|
Any substantiated CM report |
6.29 |
5.46–7.25 |
5.58 |
4.97–6.27 |
11.00 |
8.25–14.67 |
|
Notified neglect |
6.33 |
5.42–7.38 |
5.57 |
4.91–6.32 |
10.16 |
7.43–13.88 |
|
Substantiated neglect |
6.87 |
5.74–8.21 |
5.86 |
5.05–6.80 |
9.48 |
6.53–13.74 |
|
Notified physical abuse |
6.36 |
5.44–7.44 |
5.55 |
4.88–6.32 |
9.70 |
7.03–13.39 |
|
Substantiated physical abuse |
7.41 |
6.22–8.81 |
6.05 |
5.22–7.01 |
10.52 |
7.35–15.05 |
|
Notified sexual abuse |
5.19 |
4.16–6.48 |
5.40 |
4.55–6.41 |
10.98 |
7.45–16.20 |
|
Substantiated sexual abuse |
5.48 |
4.24–7.10 |
5.56 |
4.54–6.81 |
12.67 |
8.25–19.45 |
|
Notified emotional abuse |
6.44 |
5.49–7.55 |
5.85 |
5.14–6.66 |
11.41 |
8.35–15.61 |
|
Substantiated emotional abuse |
7.58 |
6.37–9.02 |
6.42 |
5.55–7.43 |
11.75 |
8.30–16.64 |
|
Multiple abuse types, Notified |
6.30 |
5.41–7.33 |
5.62 |
4.96–6.36 |
10.78 |
7.95–14.61 |
|
Multiple reports of abuse, Notified |
6.28 |
5.43–7.27 |
5.60 |
4.97–6.31 |
10.21 |
7.57–13.76 |
|
Multivariate (adjusted) |
Sex - female |
1.54 |
1.38–1.71 |
1.21 |
1.11–1.31 |
1.90 |
1.45–2.48 |
Indigenous - yes |
3.27 |
2.82–3.79 |
2.63 |
2.32–2.97 |
2.99 |
2.13–4.21 |
|
Any CM notification |
4.31 |
3.76–4.96 |
4.34 |
3.89–4.84 |
7.73 |
5.78–10.34 |
|
Any substantiated CM report |
4.69 |
4.04–5.45 |
4.45 |
3.94–5.03 |
8.18 |
6.02–11.12 |
|
Notified neglect |
4.55 |
3.86–5.35 |
4.29 |
3.76–4.90 |
7.25 |
5.18–10.14 |
|
Substantiated neglect |
4.67 |
3.87–5.65 |
4.28 |
3.66–5.01 |
6.17 |
4.14–9.18 |
|
Notified physical abuse |
4.80 |
4.07–5.66 |
4.43 |
3.88–5.07 |
7.17 |
5.10–10.01 |
|
Substantiated physical abuse |
5.53 |
4.61–6.64 |
4.76 |
4.08–5.55 |
7.55 |
5.18–11.01 |
|
Notified sexual abuse |
3.66 |
2.91–4.60 |
4.25 |
3.56–5.07 |
7.20 |
4.80–10.79 |
|
Substantiated sexual abuse |
3.80 |
2.91–4.96 |
4.32 |
3.51–5.33 |
8.08 |
5.13–12.54 |
|
Notified emotional abuse |
5.05 |
4.28–5.96 |
4.82 |
4.21–5.52 |
8.81 |
6.36–12.819 |
|
Substantiated emotional abuse |
5.91 |
4.93–7.07 |
5.24 |
4.51–6.08 |
8.82 |
6.15–12.65 |
|
Multiple abuse types, Notified |
4.75 |
4.05–5.57 |
4.51 |
3.96–5.13 |
8.02 |
5.81–11.04 |
|
Multiple reports of abuse, Notified |
4.74 |
4.07–5.52 |
4.50 |
3.97–5.09 |
7.58 |
5.52–10.41 |
|
Adjusted data for sex and Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander identity come from the model for any CM notification with similar findings in all the other models. Depression includes single depressive episodes, recurrent major depressive disorder, other depressive disorder or dysthymic disorder; PTSD: Post-traumatic stress disorder