Figure 3.

A simplified diagram showing the modulation of infant gut microbiota via breast milk microbiome. Infants receive various bacterial communities from breast milk which plays a major role in the development and maturation of the infants’ gut microbiome. Breast milk microbiome shapes the neonate’s intestinal maturation. Infants with mature intestine will have high bacterial diversity in their gut (i.e., low risk of bacterial dysbiosis) which protects them from later infections/diseases and is essential for the infants’ growth/development and optimal health. On the other hand, infants with immature intestine, will have low bacterial diversity in their gut (i.e., high risk of bacterial dysbiosis) which increases the infants’ susceptibility to later disease. (Prepared using Biorender.com).