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. 2024 Dec 16;16(12):647–660. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v16.i12.647

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Pain-related data emerged from the two primary studies (A and B) conducted in an inflammatory bowel disease setting, comparing water-assisted colonoscopy techniques with standard gas-based colonoscopy. In both cases, pain was graded using a Likert scale from 0 to 10. A: A discomfort score in the paper by Falt et al[39]; B: A pain score by Shi et al[38]. Unlike the latter, the former study recorded these scores separately for the insertion and withdrawal phases of the procedure. The results from the first study (A) indicate that the water-exchange technique (WEC) was drastically and significantly superior to the gas-based colonoscopy (GBC) technique during both the insertion and withdrawal phases. In the second study (B), a broader comparison was conducted, including GBC, WEC, and the water-immersion technique (WIC). Although WIC and WEC did not show significant differences in pain scores, both were superior to the GBC technique. Continuous numerical values are expressed in both graphs (i.e., A and B) as means and SD of the respective means. The sample size (n) reported in each study is also indicated for each group. aP < 0.05, statistical significance.