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Different transmissions of photobiomodulation (PBM) in animal models. The various transmissions used in rodent models in PBM studies are as follows. Brain PBM (yellow): transcranial, intranasal, intraoral, intraaural, and intracranial transmissions. Remote PBM (blue): skeletal muscle, abdomen, back, and lymph node transmissions. Systemic PBM (red): vascular, intravascular, and whole-body transmissions. Created using BioRender.com.
