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. 2024 Dec 27;82(1):28. doi: 10.1007/s00018-024-05541-4

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — RAC1 overexpression mitigated the effects of HFM1 knockdown on E17.5 ovaries in vitro. E17.5 ovaries were cultured with Ad-shRNA-Hfm1 or Ad‐shRNA-Hfm1 plus LV-Rac1 for 5 days. a Ovaries stained with FOXL2 (red) and germ cell marker DDX4 (green). Hoechst (blue) was used to identify the nuclear DNA. Scale bars: 20 μm. b Statistical analysis of the numbers of germ cells in ovaries (one-way ANOVA, n = 6, ***P < 0.001 vs. Control, ^###P < 0.001 vs. Hfm1-KD). c The area of a single germ cell was measured by ImageJ in ovaries treated with Ad‐shRNA-Hfm1 or Ad‐shRNA-Hfm1 plus LV-Rac1 (one-way ANOVA, n = 24, ***P < 0.001 vs. Control, ^###P < 0.001 vs. Hfm1-KD). d, e Western blotting analysis of RAC1, ANLN, and E-cad protein levels in ovaries treated with Ad‐shRNA-Hfm1 or Ad‐shRNA-Hfm1 plus LV-Rac1(one-way ANOVA, n = 4–5 independent experiments, * P = 0.012 or 0.021 or 0.015 vs. Control, ^#P = 0.020 or 0.029 or 0.017 vs. Hfm1-KD). Data are presented as mean ± SEM