Table 2.
Study Design | Results/Effects | Ref |
---|---|---|
In vitro | Inhibition of the planktonic growth and the biofilm formation | [129, 130] |
In vitro | Decrease of S. mutans EPS production | [131, 132] |
In vitro |
Protected keratinocytes against the TNF- -mediated breakdown of barrier integrity |
[133, 134] |
In vitro | Prevented bacterial adhesion and F. nucleatum-mediated hemolysis | [135, 136] |
In vitro |
Blocked S. moorei growth and bacterial adherence Declined of the biofilm formation Repression of bacterial-galactosidase activity |
[135, 137] |
In vitro and In vivo | Inhibition of p-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), p-Src, snail-1, and vimentin | [127, 138] |
In vitro | Reduced expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, and uPA in a dose-dependent way | [124, 139] |
In vitro and In vivo | Decrease the toxicity of acrolein | [111] |
In vitro | Inactivation of oral viruses such as HPV, HSV and other viral proteins | [140] |
In vitro | Inhibits the NADPH oxidase translocation and ROS production | [141] |
In vitro | Inhibits the growth of P. gingivalis and reduces CH3SH production and mgl gene expression | [112] |
In vitro | Decreased the β-galactosidase gene expression | [142] |