Table 1. Demographics details of the study patients.

Demographic category		Patients	Percentage
Sex	Male	6341	58.0
	Female	4591	42.0
Age (years)	18–29	102	0.9
	30–39	294	2.7
	40–49	658	6.0
	50–59	1475	13.5
	60–69	2831	25.9
	70+	5572	51.0
Ethnicity	White	9954	91.1
	Asian	328	3.0
	Other minority ethnicity	370	3.4
	Unknown	280	2.6
Comorbidity score	0	6307	57.7
	1–4	1379	12.6
	5+	3246	29.7
IMD deprivation quintiles	1 (most deprived)	2059	18.8
	2	2142	19.6
	3	2221	20.3
	4	2336	21.4
	5 (least deprived)	2174	19.9
Procedure year	2010–2011	2124	19.4
	2012–2013	2224	20.3
	2014–2015	2186	20.0
	2016–2017	2173	19.9
	2018–2019	2225	20.4
	Medium	2927	26.8
	High	6781	62.0
Inpatient/outpatient	Inpatient	9936	90.9
	Outpatient	996	9.1
Cancer type	Genitourinary	5812	53.2
	Gynaecological oncology	2061	18.9
	Digestive	1767	16.2
	Other	1292	11.8
Provider cancer volume tertile	1–1576	1694	15.5
	1577–3079	3223	29.5
	3080+	6015	55.0
Specialty	Urology	5106	46.7
	Medicine	2423	22.2
	Oncology	1692	15.5
	General surgery	885	8.1
	Gynaecology/gynaecological oncology	345	3.2
	Other	481	4.4
Complications	Bleeding	885	8.1
	Infection	729	6.7
	Exchange/reinsertion of nephrostomy	1365	12.5
Nephrostomy performed at provider with radiotherapy unit		5511	50.4
Mortality 14 days		717	6.6
Mortality 30 days		1701	15.6
Treatment received	Chemotherapy and surgery	1617	14.8
	Chemotherapy only	1157	10.6
	Surgery only	3172	29.0
	No chemotherapy or surgery	4986	45.6
Total patients		10 932

IMDIndex of Multiple Deprivation