Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the insufficient (≤19.9% body mass loss) and sufficient (> 20.0% body mass loss) groups.
| Characteristics | Reference Range | Total (n = 33) | 24 months—%TWL | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤19.9% (n = 20) | >20.0% (n = 13) | p Value | |||
| Age (years) | N/A | 49 (40–53) | 51 (44.5–55) | 47 (33–50) | 0.027 |
| Sex, men/women | N/A | 14/19 | 4/16 | 10/3 | 0.003 |
| BW (kg) | N/A | 105.3 (91.6–127.0) | 100.5 (88.2–114.1) | 113.9 (104.9–132.4) | 0.077 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 18.5–25.0 | 38.8 (35.6–46.7) | 39.0 (35.9–45.0) | 38.5 (35.3–47.0) | 0.76 |
| FM (kg) | N/A | 48.9 (42.9–61.6) | 49.0 (44.3–61.3) | 48.9 (42.3–61.6) | 0.93 |
| %BF (%) | N/A | 48.9 (44.7–51.5) | 50.3 (48.1–52.4) | 46.5 (42.4–47.4) | 0.024 |
| SMM (kg) | N/A | 29.5 (25.7–36.8) | 27.0 (24.5–30.1) | 36.7 (31.6–38.0) | 0.006 |
| SMP (%) | N/A | 28.4 (26.0–31.4) | 27.4 (25.4–28.8) | 30.1 (28.7–33.1) | 0.011 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | N/A | 8.7 (7.7–9.4) | 8.4 (7.6–8.8) | 9.4 (8.7–10.8) | 0.016 |
| SMM/FM | N/A | 0.59 (0.50–0.41) | 0.54 (0.47–0.59) | 0.65 (0.61–0.78) | 0.016 |
| SBP (mmHg) | <140 | 125.5 (120.0–140.8) | 127.0 (119.8–142.3) | 124.5 (120.3–137.8) | 0.67 |
| DBP (mmHg) | <90 | 76 (68–83) | 76 (70–83) | 73.0 (62.3–79.5) | 0.29 |
| AST (U/L) | 9–37 | 28 (19–42) | 28.0 (18.5–46.3) | 26 (20–41) | 0.78 |
| ALT (U/L) | 3–49 | 39 (22–72) | 37.5 (22.0–76.5) | 42 (23–64) | 0.90 |
| GGT (U/L) | 6–71 | 38 (24–65) | 40.5 (24.8–76.8) | 33 (22–57) | 0.73 |
| T-Chol (mg/dL) | 113–233 | 190 (164–208) | 192.5 (174.0–208.0) | 177 (164–226) | 0.65 |
| HDL-Chol (mg/dL) | 50–60 | 46 (37–50) | 48.0 (42.8–51.0) | 39 (35–43) | 0.007 |
| LDL-Chol (mg/dL) | 70–139 | 121 (98–132) | 121.5 (98.8–129.0) | 118 (95–143) | 1.0 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 66–213 | 115 (86–143) | 120 (82–145) | 110 (97–143) | 0.78 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.00–0.20 | 0.42 (0.15–0.67) | 0.56 (0.26–0.66) | 0.30 (0.15–0.70) | 0.40 |
| UA (mg/dL) | 2.7–5.8 | 6.0 (5.0–6.7) | 5.7 (4.7–6.5) | 6.5 (5.7–7.1) | 0.046 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 0.46–0.79 | 0.68 (0.54–0.85) | 0.63 (0.53–0.72) | 0.77 (0.68–0.93) | 0.080 |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.6–6.2 | 6.3 (5.6–8.2) | 7.4 (6.1–8.3) | 5.8 (5.5–6.2) | 0.014 |
%TWL, percentage of total weight loss; BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; FM, fat mass; %BF, percent body fat; SMM, skeletal muscle mass; SMP, skeletal muscle percentage; SMI, skeletal muscle index; SMM/FM, skeletal muscle mass to fat mass ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; T-Chol, total cholesterol; HDL-Chol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-Chol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; CRP, C-reactive protein; UA, uric acid; Cr, creatinine; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c, N/A, not applicable.