Table 4.

Advantages and disadvantages of laser use in hard tissue surgery.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Minimally invasive technique leading to less pain and discomfort.	The high initial cost of laser equipment [15,16].
Reduced need for anesthesia in certain procedures.	Requires specialized training for proper usage [15].
Decreased bleeding due to laser coagulation effect.	Limited application in certain dental procedures [17].
Reduced risk of infection due to laser’s antimicrobial properties.	Possible thermal damage to surrounding tissues if not used correctly [16].
Improved precision in tissue removal compared with traditional methods.	Not every time is suitable for deep caries removal [15,17].
Faster recovery time for patients.	The procedure took longer in some cases than traditional methods [17].