| 4-MPBA | 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid |
| AChE | Acetylcholinesterase |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| Aβ42 | β-amyloid |
| BSA | Bovine serum albumin |
| CEA | Carcinoembryonic antigen |
| ECD | Excess charge deficit |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| EOF | Electroosmotic force |
| EPF | Electrophoretic force |
| GADAb | Glutamate decarboxylase |
| GOD | Glucose oxidase |
| ICR | Ionic current rectification |
| IgG | Immunoglobulin G |
| IRMS | Current root mean square |
| MB | Molecular beacon |
| MNPs | Magnetic nanoparticles |
| NexFT | Nanopore extended field-effect transistor |
| NPs | Nanoparticles |
| PPy | Polypyrrole |
| qRT-PCR | Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| RT-FAST | Real-time fast amyloid seeding and translocation |
| RPS | Resistive pulse sensing |
| SECM | Scanning electrochemical microscopy |
| SICM | Scanning ion-conductance microscopy |
| SNR | Signal-to-noise ratio |
| SUP | Supercharged unstructured polypeptides |
| TDN | Tetrahedral DNA nanostructure |
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