Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of sociodemographic, anthropometric and physical fitness indicators at baseline and follow-up time point measurements (N = 349).
| Variables | Boys (n = 165) | Girls (n = 184) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low SES (n = 83) | High SES (n = 82) | Low SES (n = 118) | High SES (n = 66) | |||||||||
| M ± SD | Min | Max | M ± SD | Min | Max | M ± SD | Min | Max | M ± SD | Min | Max | |
| Biographic and Anthropometric | ||||||||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 6.76 ± 0.48 | 6.00 | 7.80 | 6.90 ± 0.55 | 6.10 | 7.80 | 6.70 ± 0.44 | 6.00 | 7.80 | 6.88 ± 0.54 | 6.10 | 7.70 |
| 9 years old | 9.84 ± 0.38 | 8.99 | 10.67 | 10.04 ± 0.35 | 9.32 | 10.68 | 9.77 ± 0.35 | 9.00 | 10.68 | 10.01 ± 0.36 | 9.24 | 10.64 |
| 12 years old | 12.84 ± 0.39 | 11.89 | 13.68 | 13.05 ± 0.35 | 12.34 | 13.68 | 12.78 ± 0.36 | 12.03 | 13.68 | 13.02 ± 0.36 | 12.26 | 13.65 |
| Stature (cm) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 116.99 ± 4.69 | 102.10 | 130.30 | 124.50 ± 5.89 | 112.20 | 141.70 | 117.06 ± 4.94 | 107.90 | 128.50 | 122.33 ± 6.01 | 109.70 | 134.70 |
| 9 years old | 132.33 ± 4.99 | 117.00 | 147.10 | 139.77 ± 6.60 | 123.20 | 161.00 | 134.03 ± 6.00 | 121.40 | 151.00 | 138.91 ± 7.84 | 113.00 | 155.00 |
| 12 years old | 147.78 ± 7.15 | 131.90 | 169.40 | 157.24 ± 8.34 | 139.40 | 178.80 | 151.98 ± 6.38 | 136.70 | 168.80 | 157.35 ± 7.37 | 143.60 | 185.90 |
| Body mass (kg) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 20.67 ± 2.52 | 16.40 | 30.50 | 26.76 ± 5.73 | 17.20 | 45.90 | 20.74 ± 3.06 | 15.08 | 29.70 | 24.18 ± 4.97 | 16.40 | 42.80 |
| 9 years old | 28.58 ± 5.26 | 19.60 | 55.90 | 37.31 ± 9.86 | 22.60 | 65.60 | 30.13 ± 6.88 | 21.70 | 55.80 | 36.09 ± 8.78 | 22.20 | 64.70 |
| 12 years old | 39.05 ± 9.31 | 23.10 | 84.80 | 52.35 ± 14.17 | 30.80 | 100.80 | 44.17 ± 10.05 | 28.80 | 78.50 | 52.19 ± 12.37 | 36.90 | 95.20 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 15.18 ± 1.46 | 12.90 | 22.90 | 16.50 ± 2.70 | 12.90 | 26.80 | 15.10 ± 5.00 | 12.70 | 20.70 | 16.10 ± 2.50 | 12.90 | 24.00 |
| 9 years old | 16.27 ± 2.37 | 12.90 | 25.83 | 19.00 ± 3.90 | 13.30 | 30.80 | 16.70 ± 3.00 | 13.10 | 27.40 | 18.50 ± 3.80 | 14.20 | 29.70 |
| 12 years old | 17.81 ± 3.23 | 14.00 | 32.00 | 21.10 ± 4.70 | 14.90 | 36.50 | 19.00 ± 3.60 | 13.90 | 33.70 | 21.10 ± 4.40 | 16.10 | 34.50 |
| ∑ skinfolds (mm) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 12.40 ± 3.40 | 8.20 | 27.00 | 16.00 ± 8.00 | 8.00 | 47.00 | 15.00 ± 5.00 | 8.00 | 38.00 | 19.00 ± 7.00 | 9.00 | 40.00 |
| 9 years old | 13.30 ± 7.30 | 7.00 | 57.50 | 22.00 ± 11.00 | 8.00 | 53.00 | 18.00 ± 8.00 | 8.00 | 46.00 | 25.00 ± 11.00 | 12.00 | 54.00 |
| 12 years old | 15.10 ± 11.40 | 7.50 | 78.20 | 25.00 ± 15.00 | 9.00 | 76.00 | 22.00 ± 10.00 | 9.00 | 60.00 | 28.00 ± 14.00 | 14.00 | 75.00 |
| Body fat (%) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 14.60 ± 3.30 | 8.70 | 27.80 | 18.00 ± 6.00 | 10.00 | 39.00 | 14.00 ± 4.00 | 8.00 | 29.00 | 17.00 ± 6.00 | 8.00 | 32.00 |
| 9 years old | 18.10 ± 6.70 | 5.00 | 38.40 | 23.00 ± 8.00 | 7.00 | 42.00 | 19.00 ± 8.00 | 5.00 | 44.00 | 24.00 ± 9.00 | 10.00 | 47.00 |
| 12 years old | 17.30 ± 7.10 | 7.60 | 41.80 | 22.00 ± 9.00 | 5.00 | 45.00 | 23.00 ± 8.00 | 10.00 | 46.00 | 27.00 ± 8.00 | 11.00 | 48.00 |
| Physical Fitness | ||||||||||||
| Strength (SS) | ||||||||||||
| 6 years old | 16.80 ± 2.90 | 9.00 | 23.00 | 16.80 ± 3.20 | 9.00 | 23.00 | 15.30 ± 3.40 | 6.00 | 22.00 | 16.30 ± 3.70 | 8.00 | 29.00 |
| 9 years old | 17.70 ± 3.00 | 8.00 | 24.00 | 18.60 ± 3.00 | 10.00 | 27.00 | 15.90 ± 3.00 | 7.00 | 22.00 | 16.90 ± 3.60 | 10.00 | 25.00 |
| 12 years old | 13.90 ± 2.20 | 7.00 | 18.00 | 14.50 ± 2.50 | 8.00 | 21.00 | 13.10 ± 2.10 | 7.00 | 19.00 | 14.60 ± 3.20 | 8.00 | 22.00 |
| PACER (laps) ^ | ||||||||||||
| 9 years-old | 27.00 ± 15.00 | 4.00 | 74.00 | 24.00 ± 13.00 | 5.00 | 65.00 | 17.00 ± 9.00 | 2.00 | 59.00 | 19.00 ± 9.00 | 7.00 | 45.00 |
| 12 years-old | 37.00 ± 16.00 | 7.00 | 812.00 | 39.00 ± 19.00 | 8.00 | 83.00 | 20.00 ± 10.00 | 6.00 | 58.00 | 25.00 ± 17.00 | 5.00 | 80.00 |
BMI = Body mass index; M = Mean; Max = Maximum value; Min = Minimum value; SD = Standard deviation; SES = Socioeconomic status; ∑ skinfolds = Sum of sub-scapular + triceps skinfolds; SS = Scale score; ^ = Not measured in 2010.