Figure 17.

Effect of Alnus japonica hot water extract (AJHW) and oregonin (ORE) on the protein expression levels of (A–D) phospho-FoxO3α and FoxO3α in DEX-treated C2C12 myotubes. AJHW and ORE were separately added to these cells and incubated for 24 h. Protein expression was measured using Western blotting, normalized to β-actin, and reported relative to the CON group. Values are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3). ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 indicating significant differences from the [DEX (−)/AJHW (−)], [DEX (−)/ORE (−)] group. ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001 indicating significant differences from the [DEX (+)/AJHW (−)], [DEX (+)/ORE (−)] group.