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. 2024 Nov 30;15(12):955. doi: 10.3390/insects15120955

Table 3.

Entomopathogens used against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus.

Microbial Control Agent Target Developmental Stage Conditions References
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (ex Fukomoto) Priest et al. (Bacillales: Bacillaceae),
B. cereus Frankland & Frankland, B. licheniformis (Weigmann) Chester,
B. megaterium (de Bary) Gupta et al., B. pumilus Meyer and Gottheil, B. subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn, Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Meyer & Neide) Ahmed et al. (Bacillales: Bacillaceae)
Eggs and larvae Laboratory [212]
Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Eggs and larvae Laboratory [177]
Bacillus thurigiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) Eggs and larvae Laboratory [217]
Serratia marcescens Bizio (Enterobacterales: Enterobacteriaceae), Mammaliicoccus sciuri (Kloos et al.) Madhaiyan et al. (Bacillales: Staphylococcaceae), Klebsiella pneumonia ssp. pneumonia (Schroeter) Trevisan (Enterobacterales: Enterobacteriaceae), Proteus vulgaris Hauser (Enterobacterales: Enterobacteriaceae), P. mirabilis Hauser Larvae Laboratory [217]
Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Larvae Laboratory [218]
B. bassiana, Cordyceps fumosorosea Kepler, B. Shrestha & Spatafora (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Larvae Laboratory [179]
B. bassiana Larvae Laboratory [47]
B. bassiana Larvae Laboratory [178]
M. anisopliae Larvae Laboratory [219]
Steinernema affine (Bovien) Wouts, Mracek, Gerdin & Bedding (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae (Filipjev) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) Larvae Laboratory [197]
B. bassiana Larvae Semi-field [47]
S. carpocapsae Larvae Laboratory [200]
B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, H. bacteriophora Larvae Laboratory [174]
B. thuringiensis, B. cereus Larvae and adults Laboratory [61]
B. bassiana Larvae and adults Laboratory [220]
B. bassiana, H. bacteriophora, B. thuringiensis serovar kurstaki Larvae and adults Laboratory [221]
S. carpocapsae, H. bacteriophora, S. feltiae Larvae and adults Laboratory [190]
Steinernema scapterisci Nguyen & Smart (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), S. abbasi Elawad, Ahmad & Reid, S. glaseri (Steiner) Wouts, Mracek, Gerdin & Bedding, H. bacteriophora Larvae and adults Laboratory [199]
S. glaseri, Steinernema arenarium (Artyukhovsky) Wouts, Mracek, Gerdin & Bedding (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae, S. riobravae Cabanillas, Poinar & Raulston, S. abbasi, S. ritteri Doucet & Doucet, S. kushidai Mamiya, Heterorhabditis spp. (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) Larvae, pupae, and adults Laboratory [222]
S. carpocapsae Larvae, pupae, and adults Semi-field and field [223]
B. bassiana Eggs, larvae, and adults Laboratory [58]
B. bassiana, B. brongniartii (Sacc.) Petch (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae),
M. anisopliae, Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa-ard, Houbraken, Hywel-Jones & Samson (Hypocereales: Ophiocordycipitaceae)
Eggs, larvae, and adults Laboratory and semi-field [176]
B. bassiana Adults Laboratory and semi-field [224]
M. anisopliae, B. bassiana, Paecilomyces sp. Adults Laboratory [184]
B. subtilis, B. thuringiensis, M. anisopliae, B. bassiana, Akanthomyces lecanii (Zimm.) Spatafora, Kepler & B. Shrestha (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) All stages Laboratory [225]
C. fumosorosea All stages Laboratory and field [226]
A. lecanii All stages Field [227].
S. carpocapsae, H. bacteriophora All stages Field [198]
Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar & David (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), S. carpocapsae All stages Laboratory [228]
H. bacteriophora, M. anisopliae, B. thuringiensis serovar kurstaki All stages Laboratory and field [229]