Table 1.
Summary of recent advances in clinical trials utilizing PCSK9 inhibitors.
| Study Type | Agents | Results | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Meta-analysis | Alirocumab and Evolocumab | The treatment decreased LDL-C levels by an average of 49.59% (with a confidence interval of −55.5% to −43.67%) compared to the placebo. | Ghasempour et al. [72] |
| Real-world European Evolocumab study: insights from HEYMANS | Evolocumab | LDL-C levels decreased by 58% within 3 months of starting Evolocumab and remained consistently lower over the subsequent 30 months. | Ray et al. [73] |
| FOURIER extended open-label trial (FOURIER-EOLT) study | Evolocumab | Evolocumab treatment led to greater cardiovascular risk reductions in patients with multivessel disease (MVD), with risk reductions increasing over time to 37–38% in MVD patients and 23–28% in non-MVD patients. | McClintick et al. [74] |
| Placebo-controlled, randomized trial | Evolocumab | Achieved significant results in the reduction in cardiac inflammation compared to placebo. | Ziogos et al. [75] |
| Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial | Evolocumab | Evolocumab achieved a reduction in LDL-C levels by 68.8% (p < 0.0001) at 2 weeks and by 52.8% (p < 0.0001) at 12 weeks. | Rosenson et al. [76] |
| VESALIUS-CV trial | Evolocumab | Latest ongoing (results pending). | Bohula et al. [77] |
| FOURIER randomized clinical trial | Evolocumab | Evolocumab achieved reductions in LDL cholesterol levels across both groups. | Deedwania et al. [78] |
| FOURIER randomized, double-blind trial | Evolocumab | Evolocumab achieved a notable decrease in total strokes (1.5% versus 1.9%) and ischemic strokes (1.2% versus 1.6%) compared to the placebo. | Giugliano et al. [79] |
| Recent meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials | Evolocumab, Alirocumab, and bococizumab | Treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors achieved a 19% lower risk of heart attacks and a 25% lower risk of strokes compared to controls. | Cordero et al. [80] |
| FOURIER trial | Evolocumab | The results showed that Evolocumab effectively reduces LDL-C levels and demonstrates comparable efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events among Asian individuals. | Keech et al. [81] |