| ACE | Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone |
| ADHD | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| ANS | Autonomic Nervous System |
| ASD | Autism spectrum disorders |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphatase |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| CRF | adrenocorticotrophic hormone-releasing factor |
| DSM | Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |
| ENS | Enteric Nervous System |
| GABA | Gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| GBA | gut-brain axis |
| GMe | Gut microbiome |
| GM | Gut Microbiota |
| HPA | Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis |
| NE | Noradrenaline |
| NP | neuropeptide |
| OS | Operational Species |
| OUT | Operational Taxonomic Unit |
| PNS | Peripheral Nervous System |
| RNA | Ribonucleic Acid |
| SCFAs | short chain fatty acids |