UHPE	Ultrahigh-precision engineering
SM	Smart material
PM	Piezoelectric material
PET	Piezoelectric transducer
PEA	Piezoelectric actuator
PEH	Piezoelectric harvester
PES	Piezoelectric sensor
CM	Compliant mechanism
PECD	Piezoelectric compliant device
PZT	Lead zirconate titanate
MFC	Macro fiber composites
PVDF	Polyvinylidene difluoride
PVDC	Polyvinylidene chloride
MEMS	tMicroelectromechanical systems
PRBM	Pseudo-rigid-body method
CMM	Compliance matrix method
EIM	Elliptic integral method
CBCM	Chained beam constraint model
FEA	Finite element analysis
LBA	Linkage-based amplifier
FBA	Flextension-based amplifier
DOF	Degree-of-freedom
LBG	Linkage-based guider
FBG	Flexure-based guider
CFM	Constant force mechanism
MIMO	Multi-input multi-output
SISO	Single-input single-output