Table 3.
Different applications of metformin in clinical trials involving different human diseases. Information retrieved from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ (accessed 3 November 2024).
| Clinical trails * | Metformin Dose | Study Phase | Objective/Results | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancer | Metformin Hydrochloride and Doxycycline in Treating Patients With Localized Breast or Uterine Cancer (NCT02874430) | Unspecified | Phase 2 | To investigate metformin and doxycycline combined action in cells expressing Caveolin-1 in cancer. | Active |
| Metformin Hydrochloride in Preventing Breast Cancer in Patients With Atypical Hyperplasia or In Situ Breast Cancer (NCT01905046) | 850 mg | Phase 3 | Studying cytological atypia in unilateral or bilateral random periareolar needle aspiration. | Active | |
| Metformin and Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Stage III-IV Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer (NCT02122185) | Phase 2 | Investigating the effect of metformin in standard adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy in non-diabetic subjects with stage III-IV fallopian tube, ovarian, primary peritoneal, or carcinoma. | Active | ||
| Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy With or Without Metformin Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer(NCT02186847) | 500 mg–1000 mg | Phase 2 | Determining whether metformin hydrochloride with chemoradiotherapy improves survival of patients with non-small cell-lung cancer. | Active | |
| Alzheimer’s Disease | Metformin in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) (NCT00620191) | 1000 mg | Phase 2 | Studying cognitive function improvement in Alzheimer’s disease patients using relevant biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease [150]. | Completed |
| Effect of Insulin Sensitizer Metformin on AD Biomarkers (NCT01965756) | 500 mg–2000 mg/day | Phase 2 | Found evidence of improved executive functioning following metformin treatment as well as trends of improvement in memory, learning, and attention [102]. | Completed | |
| Parkinson’s Disease | Clinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Efficacy of Metformin in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease (NCT05781711) | 500 mg | Phase 2 | To be determined | Recruiting |
| Huntington’s Disease | TEsting METformin Against Cognitive Decline in HD (NCT04826692) | 425 mg–850 mg | Phase 3 | To be determined | Unknown |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Safety and Therapeutic Potential of the FDA-approved Drug Metformin for C9orf72 ALS/FTD (NCT04220021) | 500 mg–2000 mg | Phase 2 | Evaluating tolerability and safety of metformin in participants with C9orf72 ALS. | Active, not recruiting |
| Multiple Sclerosis | Drug Repurposing Using Metformin for Improving the Therapeutic Outcome in Multiple Sclerosis Patients (NCT05298670) | 1000 mg twice daily | Phase 2 | To be determined | Recruiting |
| Metformin Add-on Clinical Study in Multiple Sclerosis to Evaluate Brain Remyelination And Neurodegeneration (NCT05893225) | 850 mg twice or thrice a day | Phase 2 | To be determined | Recruiting | |
| Metformin Treatment in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (NCT05349474) | 500 mg–2000 mg/day | Early Phase 1 | To be determined | Recruiting | |
| Fragile X Syndrome | Metformin in Children With Fragile X Syndrome (NCT05120505) | 50 mg–1 or 2 g per day | Phase 4 | To be determined | Recruiting |
| A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome (Met) (NCT03862950) | 250 mg–2000 mg | Phase 2 | To be determined | Recruiting | |
| A Trial of Metformin in Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome (Met) (NCT03479476) | 250 mg–2000 mg | Phase 2 Phase 3 | Metformin may be a potential candidate for targeting multiple intracellular functions in neurons that are impaired in Fragile X Syndrome [151]. | Completed | |
| Cardiovascular Disease | Metformin and Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Prediabetes (MIMET) (MIMET) (NCT05182970) | 500 mg–2000 mg | Phase 3 | To be determined | Recruiting |
| Carotid Atherosclerosis: MEtformin for Insulin ResistAnce Study (CAMERA) (NCT00723307) | 850 mg tablet twice daily | Phase 4 | Metformin did not affect carotid intima-media thickness in non-diabetic patients with high risk of cardiovascular disease [152]. | Completed | |
| Efficacy of Metformin as add-on Therapy in Non-Diabetic Heart Failure Patients (NCT05177588) | 1000–2000 mg/day | Phase 4 | Metformin reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, improved total antioxidant capacity, and prevented the increase in left ventricular mass index compared with standard of care [153]. | Completed |
* The names of clinical trials included in this table are the same as listed on https://clinicaltrials.gov/ (accessed 3 November 2024).