Table 1.
A cumulative summary of the three major pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) types identified in teleost fish according to the current and up-to-date literature. It is evident that the teleost fish species is an important parameter in the presence or absence of certain PRRs, as well as in their associated ligands. Homologues of mammalian PRRs have been characterized in a plethora of teleost fish species. This table includes some indicative ones for reference [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41].
| Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Receptor | Associated Ligands | Indicative Teleost Fish Species |
| TLR1 | Lipopeptides | Rainbow Trout, Large Yellow Croaker, Carp, Pufferfish, Orange-Spotted Grouper, European Sea Bass, Turbot |
| TLR2 | Lipopeptides, PGN, LTA, Pam3CSK4 | Carp, Catfish, Orange-Spotted Grouper, European Sea Bass, Turbot, Gilthead Seabream |
| TLR3 | dsRNA, poly(I:C) | Carp, Pufferfish, Zebrafish |
| TLR4 | Unknown | Carp, Catfish, Rare Minnow, Zebrafish |
| TLR5 | Flagellin | Atlantic Salmon, Japanese Flounder, Channel Catfish, Gilthead Seabream, Rainbow Trout, Pufferfish, Zebrafish, Turbot |
| TLR7 | ssRNA | Channel Catfish, Grass Carp, Pufferfish, Rainbow Trout, Zebrafish, Turbot |
| TLR8 | ssRNA | Atlantic Salmon, Channel Catfish, Pufferfish, Rainbow Trout, Turbot |
| TLR9 | CpG motifs | Atlantic Salmon, Cobia, Japanese Flounder, Rainbow Trout, Zebrafish, European Seabass, Gilthead Seabream, Turbot |
| TLR13 | rRNA | Atlantic Salmon, Channel Catfish, Orange-Spotted Grouper |
| TLR14 | Unknown | Japanese Flounder, Orange-Spotted Grouper, Pufferfish |
| TLR18 | Unknown | Channel Catfish, Grass Carp, Zebrafish |
| TLR19 | dsRNA | Channel Catfish, Grass Carp, Zebrafish |
| TLR20 | Unknown | Carp, Channel Catfish, Zebrafish |
| TLR21 | CpG motifs | Channel Catfish, Grass Carp, Orange-Spotted Grouper, Zebrafish, Turbot |
| TLR22 | dsRNA, poly(I:C) | Atlantic Cod, Channel Catfish, Grass Carp, Pufferfish, Zebrafish, European Seabass, Turbot, Gilthead Seabream |
| TLR23 | Unknown | Atlantic Cod, Pufferfish |
| TLR25 | Unknown | Channel Catfish, Fathead Minnow, Nile Tilapia |
| TLR26 | LPS, poly(I:C) | Channel Catfish, Yellow Catfish |
| TLR28 | LPS, poly(I:C) | Brown Croaker |
| NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Superfamilies | ||
| NLR-A | LPS, PGN (iE-DAP, MDP), Poly (I:C) | Grass Carp, Nile Tilapia, Rainbow Trout, Channel Catfish, Zebrafish |
| NLR-B | Unknown | Grass Carp |
| NLR-C | Unknown | Grass Carp, Brown Croaker |
| RIG-1-like Receptors (RLRs) | ||
| RIG-1 | dsRNA | Zebrafish |
| MDA5 | dsRNA | Grass Carp |
| LGP2 | dsRNA | Grass Carp |