Table 1.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) concentrations in drinking tap water reported by selected studies
| Year | Country | n | PFASs levels(ng/L) | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFOA | PFOS | ||||||
| Range | Mean/Median | Range | Mean/Median | ||||
| 2008-9 | Germany | 111 | ˂10–68 | NA/˂10 | NA | NA/˂10 | [12] |
| NA | Germany | 26 | NA-6.1 | NA/2.6 | NA-4.7 | NA/1.3 | [13] |
| 2006 | Italy | 6 | 1.0-2.9 | 2.4/NA | 6.2–9.7 | 8.1/NA | [14] |
| 2008 | Spain | NA | ˂0.85–57.43 | 4.57/0.98 | ˂0.12–58.12 | 3.72/0.51 | [15] |
| 2014 | Spain | 29 | 2-140 | 40/41 | 3.8–29 | 14/13 | [16] |
| 2012 | China | 100 | 2.96.342 | 3.19/3.19 | 1.88–2.32 | 2.1/2.1 | [17] |
| 2015 | China | 14 | 5.6-115.4 | 26.6/18.5 | ˂0.5–6.67 | NA/NA | [18] |
| 2007-9 | Japan | 5 | 4.7–12 | NA/6.1 | 1.7–11 | NA/4.5 | [19] |
| 2011-2 | Korea | 34 | NA-20.7 | 12.9/NA | NA-0.34 | 2.6/NA | [20] |
| 2003-6 | USA | 25 | 2.5–108 | 20/10 | NA | 28/76 | [21] |
| 2010 | Australia | 62 | ˂0.50–9.66 | NA/NA | ˂0.66–15.6 | NA/NA | [22] |
| 2008 | Brazil | 26 | 0.35–2.82 | 1.17/0.95 | 0.58–6.70 | 1.7/1.09 | [23] |
| 2015 | Ghana | 4 | 68.1–190 | 105.8/NA | 16.2–168.3 | 89.7/NA | [24] |