Table. Summary Statistics of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2016-2023 Waves) Respondents Aged 18 to 29 Yearsa.
| Variable | % | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-2023 | 2016 | 2023 | ||
| Full data | Balanced panel | Balanced panel | Balanced panel | |
| Participants, No. | 376 963 | 242 154 | 29 177 | 28 665 |
| Outcome variables | ||||
| Current ENDS use | 13.4 | 13.6 | 8.4 | 16.9 |
| Daily ENDS use | 5.9 | 6.0 | 2.5 | 9.5 |
| Current cigarette use | 12.1 | 12.5 | 16.4 | 6.9 |
| Daily cigarette use | 7.1 | 7.4 | 10.2 | 3.5 |
| Any current use (cigarettes/ENDS) | 19.5 | 20.3 | 21.1 | 20.5 |
| Flavor restrictions | ||||
| State restriction on flavored ENDS sales | 8.8 | 10.6 | 0 | 22.2 |
| Covered by substate restrictions, only on flavored ENDS sales | 2.6 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.0 |
| Flavored cigar sales restriction coverage | 8.2 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 10.9 |
| Menthol cigarette sales restriction coverage | 5.5 | 5.1 | 0.2 | 10.1 |
| Proportion of residents covered by ban on unflavored ENDS sales | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Proportion of residents in interim between passage and effective date of ENDS flavor policy | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.9 |
| Other tobacco/nicotine policies, $/mL | ||||
| ENDS tax rate, closed system products | 0.43 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.50 |
| ENDS tax rate, open system products | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.09 | 0.44 |
| Cigar tax rates, $/cigar | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.20 |
| Cigar tax rates, percentage of cost | 31.8 | 31.4 | 30.5 | 32.0 |
| Cigarette tax rates, $/pack | 1.94 | 1.84 | 1.76 | 1.88 |
| Requiring smoke-free worksites | 74.7 | 64.2 | 61.6 | 64.4 |
| Requiring vape-free worksites | 42.7 | 34.0 | 20.7 | 45.1 |
| Respondents of legal age to purchase tobacco | 88.0 | 89.8 | 99.5 | 75.7 |
Abbreviation: ENDS, electronic nicotine delivery system.
The sample-weighted means were derived from data on 18- to 29 year-old individuals interviewed in the 2016 to 2023 survey waves with interview dates before 2024 (including 2018 and 2020 e-cigarette modules), matched to policy variables. Coverage variables refer to the percentage of state residents covered by a particular policy. The balanced panel was limited to the 31 states that provided data on vaping in all years: Alaska, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, and Wyoming. In 2018, balanced panel rates of current vaping, daily vaping, current smoking, and daily smoking were 12.7%, 4.5%, 15.4%, and 10.0%, respectively.