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. 2024 Dec 28;43:334. doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03258-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 10 — Upper panel. Schematic representation of drug development process. Bottom panels. Left panel: 2D cell viability assays performed after 48 h of treatment with the indicated compounds, at the final concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 μM. The results are expressed as the percentage of cell viability over the untreated cells. The histogram represents the mean values ± S.D. of three independent experiments. Right panel: Time course analysis of 3D tumor spheroids growth. Two days after the plating, the spheres were treated with the indicated compound at the final concentrations of 1 and 2 μM and monitored by Incucyte® S3 Live-Cell Analysis System (Essen BioScience, Ann Arbor, MI), 4X magnification. The results are expressed as the percentage of the spheroids area upon treatment relative to their own area before the compound administration. The graphs represent the mean values ± S.E.M. of at least 4 spheres. For each graph: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001