Table 2.

Final theoretical mapping of variables impacting inpatient sleep. New variables are indicated with *

COM-B component	TDF domain	TDF construct	Change power	Variable	Malleable for change
Physical opportunity	Environmental context and resources	Material resources	- Management & leadership - Estates/ procurement	Lighting	Yes
				Doors	Yes
				Bins	Yes
				Call bells	Yes
				Medical equipment	Partially
		Organisational culture and climate	- Management & leadership	Care routines	Partially
				Shift patterns	No
				Patient tests and transfers*	No
		Salient events /critical incidents	- Management & leadership - Ward staff	Critical medical and hospital-wide incidents	No
Social opportunity	Social influence	Group norms	- Ward staff - Patients	Staff talking (social awareness)	Yes
				Staff talking (patient care)	Yes
				Staff/ward radio	Yes
				Patients talking	Yes
				Patients’ TV or devices	Yes
Psychological capability	Knowledge	Procedural knowledge (knowing what to do)	- Ward staff - Patients	Staff knowledge of night-time protocols*	Yes
				Patients’ knowledge of night-time protocols*	Yes
		Knowledge of task environment	- Patients	Patients’ knowledge of ward environment (what to expect) *	Yes
Automatic motivation	Reinforcement	Consequents	- Patients	Patient awareness of consequences (social or physical) of not following night-time protocols*	Yes