Fig. 3.

Visualization of Heatmaps generated by our DLR model: demonstrating variations between malignant and benign breast lesions calssified as BI-RADS 4. The highlighted area of the MBLs is observed to be larger than that of the BBLs in the heatmaps, with a predominant distribution within the tumor region. The highlighted areas of the MBLs tend to concentrate towards the center of the heatmaps, while those of the BBLs are primarily located along the boundary. The boundary of MBLs is less clear than that of BBLs. MBL malignant breast lesion, BBL benign breast lesion, ROI region of interest, DLR deep learning radiomics.