Table 1.
Characteristics of the training and validation cohorts.
| Characteristics | Training Cohort (n = 1,424) |
Validation Cohort (n = 949) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 38.00 (33.00, 42.00) | 37.00 (33.00, 42.00) | 0.344 |
| Infertility type, n (%) | 0.172 | ||
| Primary infertility | 448 (31.46) | 324 (34.14) | |
| Secondary infertility | 976 (68.54) | 625 (65.86) | |
| Infertility duration (year) | 3.00 (1.00, 5.00) | 3.00 (1.00, 6.00) | 0.169 |
| Gravidity | 1.00 (0.00, 3.00) | 1.00 (0.00, 2.00) | 0.092 |
| Parity | 0.00 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 1.00) | 0.214 |
| BMI (kg/m2), n (%) | 0.341 | ||
| < 25 | 1022 (71.77) | 698 (73.55) | |
| ≥ 25 | 402 (28.23) | 251 (26.45) | |
| Basal FSH (mIU/ml) | 9.73 (7.24, 13.12) | 9.70 (7.32, 13.24) | 0.616 |
| Basal LH (mIU/ml) | 4.58 (3.37, 6.33) | 4.60 (3.39, 6.39) | 0.981 |
| Basal E2 (pg/ml) | 38.53 (25.29, 54.99) | 38.56 (24.84, 54.97) | 0.766 |
| Basal P (ng/ml) | 0.31 (0.20, 0.47) | 0.31 (0.18, 0.48) | 0.950 |
| AMH (ng/ml) | 0.49 (0.27, 0.74) | 0.48 (0.27, 0.77) | 0.620 |
| TSH (μIU/ml) | 2.20 (1.51, 3.10) | 2.21 (1.55, 3.08) | 0.410 |
| AFC | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (2.00, 4.00) | 0.883 |
| Infertility diagnosis, n (%) | 0.122 | ||
| Tubal factor | 642 (45.08) | 380 (40.04) | |
| Anovulatory | 5 (0.35) | 2 (0.21) | |
| Endometriosis | 101 (7.09) | 65 (6.85) | |
| Male factor | 95 (6.67) | 74 (7.80) | |
| Unexplained | 581 (40.80) | 428 (45.10) | |
| COS protocol, n (%) | 0.501 | ||
| Agonist | 820 (57.58) | 526 (55.43) | |
| Antagonist | 441 (30.97) | 322 (33.93) | |
| PPOS | 117 (8.22) | 72 (7.59) | |
| Mild stimulation/natural cycle | 46 (3.23) | 29 (3.06) | |
| Total dose of Gn | 3600.00 (2700.00, 4200.00) | 3350.00 (2700.00, 4200.00) | 0.399 |
| Duaration of stimulation | 12.00 (9.00, 14.00) | 12.00 (9.00, 14.00) | 0.229 |
| Fertilization method, n (%) | 0.305 | ||
| IVF | 1160 (81.46) | 757 (79.77) | |
| ICSI | 264 (18.54) | 192 (20.23) | |
| No. of follicles ≥ 14 mm on trigger | 3.00 (1.00, 4.00) | 3.00 (1.00, 4.00) | 0.263 |
| ∆E2 (pg/ml), n (%) | 0.806 | ||
| ≥ 150 | 834 (58.57) | 566 (59.64) | |
| < 150 and ≥ 0 | 495 (34.76) | 325 (34.25) | |
| < 0 | 95 (6.67) | 58 (6.11) | |
| ∆LH (mIU/ml) | 0.02 (-0.38, 0.59) | 0.06 (-0.30, 0.79) | 0.067 |
| ∆P (ng/ml) | 0.09 (0.00, 0.21) | 0.09 (0.00, 0.21) | 0.828 |
| Group, n (%) | |||
| OA | 1343 (94.31) | 893 (94.10) | |
| NOA | 81 (5.69) | 56 (5.90) |
Variables were presented as median (interquartile range), or n (%).
BMI = body mass index; FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone; LH = luteinizing hormone; E2 = estradiol; P = progesterone; AMH = anti-Müllerian hormone; TSH = thyroid stimulating hormone; AFC = antral follicle count; COS = controlled ovarian stimulation; PPOS = progestin-primed ovarian stimulation; Gn = gonadotropin; IVF = in vitro fertilization; ICSI = intracytoplasmic sperm injection; ∆E2 = change in E2 level between the day before trigger and the trigger day; ∆LH = change in LH level between the day before trigger and the trigger day; ∆P = change in P level between the day before trigger and the trigger day; OA = oocytes acquired; NOA = no oocytes acquired.