Table 3. The final multivariate logistic regression model for risk factors associated with BoHV-1infection.

Predictor	Level	OR1 (95% CI2)	p-value3
Environmental factors
Season	Autumn	Ref	0.000**
	Winter	5.9 (2.22–16.16)
	Spring	2.5 (0.78–8.0)
	Summer	0.6 (0.14–2.55)
Animal factors
Age	Adults	Ref	0.000**
	Pre-weaned	0.23 (0.03–1.48)
	Weaned	4.41 (0.7–27.6)
	Yearling	1.48 (0.47–4.6)
Breed	Holstein	Ref	0.02*
	Buffalo	7.27 (1.43–26.9)
	Holstein cross	0.68 (0.17–2.7)
	Native	0.28 (0.05–1.6)
Management factors
Stall type	Tie stalls	Ref	0.03*
	Free stalls	3.7 (1.11–12.35)
History of respiratory illness	Present	Ref	0.000**
	Absent	0.027 (0.006–0.04)

¹OR: Odds ratio; ²CI, confidence interval (95%); ³p-value < 0.05 were considered significant. ^*p-value < 0.05 were considered significant; **p-value < 0.01 were considered highly significant.