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. 2024 Dec 16;12:1445856. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1445856

Table 3.

Internet use and problematic internet use in the study population in aspects of the occurrence and severity of headaches (*p < 0.05).

Participants Occurrence and type of headache
Total Have no headache Have headache Migraine Tension-type headache
N = 550 (%) N = 348 (%) N = 202 (%) N = 74 (%) N = 119 (%)
Daily internet use (approximately)
<1 h 23 (4.2) 19 (5.5) 4 (2.0) 0 4 (3.4)
1 h 100 (18.2) 66 (18.9) 34 (16.8) 16 (21.6) 16 (13.4)
2 h 164 (29.8) 110 (31.6) 54 (26.7) 19 (25.7) 33 (27.7)
3 h 115 (20.9) 75 (21.6) 40 (19.8) 14 (18.9) 24 (20.2)
4 h 62 (11.3) 33 (9.5) 29 (14.4) 10 (13.5) 18 (15.1)
5 h 39 (7.1) 21 (6.0) 18 (8.9) 9 (12.2) 8 (6.7)
6 h 16 (2.9) 5 (1.4) 11 (5.5) 4 (5.4) 6 (5.0)
>6 h* 31 (5.6) 19 (5.5) 12 (5.9) 2 (2.7) 10 (8.5) *
Daily time interval of internet use (multiply answer)
Between 12:00 a.m. and 3:00 a.m. 63 (11.5) 30 (8.6) 33 (16.3) 9 (12.2) 12 (10.1)
Between 3:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. 49 (8.9) 30 (8.6) 19 (9.4) 8 (10.8) 11 (9.2)
Between 6:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. 99 (18.0) 64 (18.4) 35 (17.3) 11 (14.9) 22 (18.5)
Between 9:00 a.m. and 12:00 a.m. 106 (19.3) 77 (22.1) 29 (14.4) 8 (10.8) 20 (16.8)
Between 12:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. 101 (18.4) 63 (18.1) 38 (18.8) 15 (20.3) 22 (18.5)
Between 3:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. 160 (29.1) 103 (29.6) 57 (28.2) 20 (27.0) 34 (28.6)
Between 6:00 p.m. and 9:00 p.m. 314 (57.1) 200 (57.5) 114 (56.4) 42 (56.8) 64 (53.8)
Between 9:00 p.m. and 12:00 p.m.* 115 (20.9) 67 (19.3) 48 (23.8) 12 (16.2) 32(26.9)*
Goal of internet use (multiply answer)
Learning/working 531 (96.5) 339 (97.4) 192 (95.1) 71 (95.9) 112(94.1)
Online gaming 75 (13.6) 52 (14.9) 23 (11.4) 5 (6.8) 18 (15.1)
Chat 316 (57.5) 195 (56.0) 121 (59.9) 43 (58.1) 75 (63.0)
Social media 336 (61.1) 212 (60.9) 124 (61.4) 47 (63.5) 71 (59.7)
Partner search 13 (2.4) 9 (2.6) 4 (2.0) 1 (1.4) 3 (2.5)
Movies 252 (45.8) 147 (42.2) 105 (52.0) 36 (48.6) 63 (52.9)
Music 262 (47.6) 154 (44.3) 108 (53.5) 39 (52.7) 64 (53.8)
Video streaming 64 (11.6) 43 (12.4) 21 (10.4) 7 (9.5) 13 (10.9)
Problematic internet use 46 (8.4) 10 (2.9) 36 (17.8) 9 (12.2) 26 (21.8)