Table 2.

Clinical and medication related characteristics of the study participants among adult elective surgical patients at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024.

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage
ASA-PS classification	I	114	46.1
	II	117	47.4
	III and above	16	6.5
BMI	<18.5	31	12.6
	18.5–24.9	164	66.4
	25 and above	52	21.1
Recent prior surgery	Yes	46	18.6
	No	201	81.4
Malarial attack	Yes	22	8.9
	No	255	91.1
Cigarette smoking	Yes	10	4
	No	237	96
HIV status	Negative	195	78.9
	Positive	7	2.8
	Not screened	45	18.2
DM	Yes	20	8.1
	No	227	91.9
Asthma	Yes	7	2.8
	No	240	97.2
Peptic ulcer disease	Yes	21	8.5
	No	91.5	91.5
Malignancy	Yes	18	7.3
	No	229	92.7
Indication of surgery	Non infectious	173	70
	Infectious	34	13.8
	Injury/trauma	40	16.2
Type of surgery	General	45	18.2
	Gynecology	22	8.9
	Cardiothoracic	11	4.5
	Hepatobiliary	22	8.9
	Urologic	16	6.5
	Orthopedic	30	12.1
	Plastic	30	12.1
	Neurologic	13	5.3
	ENT	21	8.5
	Maxillofacial	19	7.7
	Ophthalmology	18	7.3
Admitted for the last 1 month	Yes	50	20.2
	No	197	79.8
Diagnosed chronic kidney disease	Yes	6	2.4
	No	241	97.6
History of chemotherapy use	Yes	7	2.8
	No	240	97.2
NSAIDS	Yes	25	10.1
	No	222	89.9
HAART	Yes	7	2.8
	No	240	97.2