Table 3. Baseline insulin sensitivity, secretion, and clearance by dysglycemia progression status.
| Total (n=268) |
Non-progressors (n=177) |
Progressors (n=91) |
Unadjusted P value |
Adjusted P value* |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basal state | |||||
| Fasting insulin (µU/mL) | 8.19±7.31 | 7.40±6.65 | 9.73±8.27 | 0.02 | 0.16 |
| HOMA-B (%) | 91.8±66.9 | 87.7±67.6 | 100±65.0 | 0.12 | 0.38 |
| Basal insulin clearance | 19.2±10.6 | 19.7±10.4 | 18.3±11.0 | 0.32 | 0.97 |
| Dynamic state | |||||
| Si-clamp (mmol/kg fat-free mass.min/pM.) | 0.134±0.067 | 0.146±0.064 | 0.116±0.067 | 0.002 | 0.40 |
| M (μmol/min/kg fat-free mass) | 86.3±30.1 | 91.6±28.6 | 78.7±30.6 | 0.002 | 0.20 |
| Matsuda index | 6.07±3.86 | 6.38±3.62 | 5.49±4.25 | 0.09 | 0.58 |
| Insulinogenic index | 1.28±1.11 | 1.30±1.14 | 1.25±1.10 | 0.71 | 0.86 |
| AUC-IVGT glucose (mg/dL/min) | 5306±444 | 5290±437 | 5338±458 | 0.38 | 0.76 |
| AUC-IVGT insulin (µU/mL/min) | 1062±1004 | 1083±1123 | 1020±719 | 0.56 | 0.50 |
| AIR (% increase) | 1798±1423 | 2070±1567 | 1401±1074 | 0.0007 | 0.34 |
| Disposition index | 9.76±7.55 | 11.1±8.55 | 7.89±5.41 | 0.005 | 0.038 |
| Dynamic insulin clearance | 6.81±3.52 | 6.90±3.62 | 6.67±3.37 | 0.64 | 0.36 |
| MCR insulin (mL/m2 BSA/min) | 4.77±2.26 | 4.75±2.11 | 4.80±2.49 | 0.87 | 0.32 |
*
Adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and HbA1c at baseline.
AIR, acute insulin response to intravenous glucose; AUC-IVGT, area under the curve during intravenous glucose tolerance test; BSA, body surface area; HOMA-B, homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function; M, glucose metabolized during euglycemic clamp; MCR, metabolic clearance rate of insulin during euglycemic clamp; Si-clamp, insulin sensitivity measured with hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.