Table 1. The association between the baseline characteristics and survival.
| Variables | Overall (N=132) | Survival (n=108) | Death (n=24) | P value |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 61 (46.2) | 47 (43.5) | 14 (58.3) | 0.276 |
| Male | 71 (53.8) | 61 (56.5) | 10 (41.7) | |
| Delivery mode, n (%) | ||||
| Cesarean | 106 (80.3) | 86 (79.6) | 20 (83.3) | 0.897 |
| Eutocia | 26 (19.7) | 22 (20.4) | 4 (16.7) | |
| CDH affected side, n (%) | ||||
| Left | 109 (82.6) | 90 (83.3) | 19 (79.2) | 0.850 |
| Right | 23 (17.4) | 18 (16.7) | 5 (20.8) | |
| Open surgery, n (%) | 39 (29.5) | 24 (22.2) | 15 (62.5) | <0.001 |
| Defect size, n (%) | ||||
| A/B | 82 (62.1) | 75 (69.4) | 7 (29.2) | 0.001 |
| C/D | 50 (37.9) | 33 (30.6) | 17 (70.8) | |
| Repair with patch, n (%) | 24 (18.2) | 12 (11.1) | 12 (50.0) | <0.001 |
| Liver herniation, n (%) | 88 (66.7) | 78 (72.2) | 10 (41.7) | 0.008 |
| o/e LHR, mean±SD | 52.7±15.1 | 55.6±14.2 | 39.5±12.0 | <0.001 |
| GA at birth (week), median (IQR) | 37.5 (37.0, 38.0) | 37.5 (37.0, 38.0) | 37.3 (37.0, 38.6) | 0.646 |
| Birth weight (g), mean±SD | 2.9±0.5 | 3.0±0.5 | 2.9±0.6 | 0.470 |
| GA at diagnosis (week), median (IQR) | 25.0 (23.0, 31.0) | 27.0 (23.0, 31.3) | 23.0 (22.0, 24.0) | 0.002 |
| OI, median (IQR) | 3.9 (2.6, 6.2) | 3.5 (2.5, 5.3) | 9.7 (5.7, 22.8) | <0.001 |
| OI group, n (%) | ||||
| OI <7.5 | 107 (81.1) | 99 (91.7) | 8 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| OI ≥7.5 | 25 (18.9) | 9 (8.3) | 16 (66.7) | |
| Surgical timing (hours), median (IQR) | 26.0 (24.0, 38.5) | 26.5 (25.0, 41.0) | 22.5 (6.0, 29.8) | 0.016 |
CDHcongenital diaphragmatic herniaGAgestational ageo/e LHRobserved-to-expected lung-to-head ratioOIoxygen index