Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants
| control group (n = 38) | observation group (n = 38) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (males/females) | 22/16 | 26/12 | 0.342 |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 61.87 ± 7.82 | 59.63 ± 8.77 | 0.286 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28.53 ± 2.54 | 27.97 ± 3.26 | 0.232 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), n (%) | 8 (21) | 12 (32) | 0.297 |
| Hypertension,n (%) | 17 (45) | 22 (58) | 0.251 |
| Chronic cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 17 (45) | 13 (34) | 0.348 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 16 (42) | 11 (29) | 0.231 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 4 (11) | 6 (16) | 0.497 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 3 (8) | 2 (5) | 0.644 |
| NIRS typen,n(%) | 0.169 | ||
| HFNO | 27 (71) | 32 (84) | |
| NIV(facemask) | 11 (29) | 6 (16) | |
| Flow rate (HFNO) (%), mean ± SD | 45.00 ± 3.86 | 45.53 ± 3.64 | |
| PEEP (NIV), mean ± SD | 6.97 ± 0.82 | 7.34 ± 1.21 | 0.126 |
| FiO2 (%), mean ± SD | 67.37 ± 8.91 | 69.47 ± 7.24 | 0.262 |
| SpO2 (%), mean ± SD | 90.97 ± 2.91 | 91.39 ± 3.00 | 0.536 |
| PaO2 (kPa), mean ± SD | 8.69 ± 0.66 | 8.80 ± 0.57 | 0.451 |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio,mean ± SD | 13.13 ± 2.05 | 12.79 ± 1.51 | 0.419 |
| SpO2/FiO2 ratio,mean ± SD | 137.28 ± 18.08 | 133.04 ± 15.48 | 0.276 |
BMI: Body mass index, NIRS non-invasive respiratory support, HFNO High-flow Nasal Oxygen, NIV Non-invasive ventilation; PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure