Table 6.
Parameter estimates and 95% confidence interval from the random intercept model
| Level | Variables | Paternal involvement score | Childcare and parenting practices score | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate (95% CI) | P value | Estimate (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Fixed | |||||
| Individual | Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age | -0.04 (-0.26, 0.18) | 0.725 | 0.01 (-0.02, 0.04) | 0.522 | |
| Occupation | |||||
| Skilled worker | Reference | ||||
| Casual labourer/unskilled worker | -1.89 (-4.66, 0.86) | 0.182 | -0.25 (-0.61, 0.10) | 0.171 | |
| Unemployed/other | -3.82 (-8.84, 1.22) | 0.145 | -0.68(-1.32, -0.03) | 0.045 | |
| Highest education level | |||||
| Primary and below | Reference | ||||
| Secondary | 0.46 (-2.42, 3.33) | 0.758 | -0.18 (-0.55, 0.19) | 0.348 | |
| Tertiary | 3.16 (-1.68, 8.01) | 0.208 | -0.25 (-0.87, 0.37) | 0.433 | |
| Taking alcohol/smoke | |||||
| No | Reference | ||||
| Yes | -1.00 (-3.94, 1.94) | 0.508 | -0.17 (-0.54, 0.20) | 0.382 | |
| Expecting first child | |||||
| Yes | Reference | ||||
| No | 0.3 (-3.77, 4.37) | 0.885 | -0.71 (-1.23, -0.19) | 0.011 | |
| Number of children | 0.26 (-1.57, 2.1) | 0.781 | 0.06 (-0.17, 0.30) | 0.592 | |
| Paternal antenatal attachment scale (PAAS) | 0.11(0.05, 0.18) | 0.002 | 0.01(0.00, 0.02) | 0.007 | |
| Mental health status | |||||
| Depression score | -0.01 (-0.47, 0.45) | 0.951 | 0.01 (-0.05, 0.07) | 0.723 | |
| Anxiety score | -0.28 (-0.92, 0.36) | 0.395 | 0.04 (-0.04, 0.12) | 0.317 | |
| Intervention Effect | |||||
| Pre-intervention | Reference | ||||
| Post-intervention | 2.96(1.06, 4.87) | 0.004 | 1.69(1.46, 1.92) | < 0.001 | |
| Random | |||||
| Individual | σ2ϵ0 | 2.56 | - | 0.34 | - |
| Group | σ2µ0 | 5.08 | - | 0.62 | - |