Table 3.
The interrupted time series analysis of referral patterns before and after the COVID-19 pandemic
| Variable | Baseline Level |
Baseline Trend |
Post-pandemic Level Change | Post-pandemic Trend Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Referrals | ||||
| Upward | 183.6074 *** | 1.6666 | 67.1317 | -1.9183 |
| Downward | 57.0935 | 13.5430 * | -567.6169 | 39.9901 * |
| Total | 240.7009 ** | 15.2096 *** | -500.4853 | 38.0718 ** |
| Tertiary hospital | ||||
| Out-degree | 6.2436 *** | 0.1007 | -6.7244 | 0.3841 |
| In-degree | 3.3012 *** | 0.0152 | 0.8547 | -0.0396 |
| Betweenness | 0.4013 *** | -0.0018 | -0.0869 | 0.0031 |
| Secondary hospitals | ||||
| Out-degree | -0.6030 ** | 0.0313 *** | -1.0867 | 0.1015 ** |
| In-degree | 0.2726 | -0.0011 | 0.2603 | -0.0010 |
| Betweenness | -0.0014 | 0.0005 | 0.0106 | -0.0004 |
| Primary care facilities | ||||
| Out-degree | 0.1198 *** | 0.0003 | 0.0391 | -0.0007 |
| In-degree | 0.0751 | 0.0060 * | -0.2894 | 0.0212 * |
| Betweenness | 0.0003 | 0 | 0.0005 | 0 |
***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05