Table 1.
Clinical features and MRI findings of training, testing and validation sets
| Variables | Training set (n = 191) | Testing set (n = 83) | Validation set (n = 76) | p a | p b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 71.0 (66.0–78.0) | 72.0 (67.0–79.0) | 73.5 (69.0–78.0) | 0.671 | 0.148 |
| PSA (ng/ml) | 20.0 (13.3–41.2) | 19.4 (11.7–46.2) | 18.3 (10.6–38.2) | 0.128 | 0.088 |
| PSAD (ng/ml2) | 0.40 (0.22–0.76) | 0.31 (0.14–0.99) | 0.30 (0.13–0.67) | 0.533 | 0.002* |
| Volume (mm3) | 56.2 (37.5–78.4) | 66.0 (43.6–89.3) | 70.6 (45.7–119.0) | 0.041 | 0.001* |
| DRE (+) | 83 (43.5%) | 31 (37.3%) | 21 (27.6%) | 0.353 | 0.011* |
| Hypertension (+) | 96 (50.3%) | 37 (44.6%) | 32 (42.1%) | 0.396 | 0.143 |
| Smoke (+) | 80 (34.6%) | 26 (29.5%) | 12 (15.8%) | 0.362 | 0.001* |
| Alcohol (+) | 29 (15.2%) | 16 (19.3%) | 5 (6.6%) | 0.404 | 0.040 |
| Cr | 0.83 (0.37–1.45) | 0.87 (0.43–1.45) | 1.03 (0.49–1.83) | 0.865 | 0.170 |
| Cho | 2.45 (1.72–3.61) | 2.66 (1.80–3.44) | 2.61 (2.04–3.43) | 0.946 | 0.371 |
| Cit | 2.78 (1.51–5.27) | 2.28 (1.37–5.24) | 4.14 (2.30–7.43) | 0.538 | 0.002* |
| (Cho + Cr)/Cit | 1.34 (0.65–2.36) | 1.43 (0.68–2.71) | 0.67 (0.49–1.93) | 0.534 | 0.007* |
| Location | 0.373 | 0.001* | |||
| PZ | 128 (67.0%) | 52 (62.7%) | 36 (47.4%) | ||
| TZ | 63 (33.0%) | 31 (37.3%) | 40 (52.6%) | ||
| PIRADS score | 0.494 | 0.006* | |||
| 3 | 68 (35.6%) | 25 (30.1%) | 19 (25.0%) | ||
| 4 | 51 (26.7%) | 23 (27.7%) | 31 (40.8%) | ||
| 5 | 72 (37.7%) | 35 (42.2%) | 26 (34.2%) |
Data are presented as medians ± interquartile ranges (IQR) or numbers of patients with percentages in parentheses
*, p<0.025. P-values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction (alpha = 0.05, adjusted p-value threshold = 0.025)
Pa, training set vs. testing set
Pb, training set vs. validation set