Table 1.

Incorporating the meta-analysis results of the included research literature

Outcome measures	RCSs	RCTs	OLIF cases	MIS-TLIF cases	Heterogeneity test (I2%)	Text model	Combined statistic	Combined statistic value (95%CI)	P-value
Hospital stay [7–10, 12, 14–18, 20, 25–30]	14	3	633	650	82	Random effects	MD	− 1.91 [− 2.38, − 1.43]	< 0.00001
Introoperative blood loss [7–22, 24–30]	20	3	806	837	99	Random effects	MD	− 82.69 [− 104.33, − 61.05]	< 0.00001
Surgical time [7–18, 20–30]	20	3	862	842	97	Random effects	MD	− 21.06 [− 30.99, − 11.33]	< 0.0001
Patient satisfaction [7, 9, 11, 18, 19, 26]	5	1	166	179	0	Fixed effects	RR	1.05 [− 0.98, 1.13]	0.16
Fusion rate [7, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18–20, 24, 26]	10	0	265	300	0	Fixed effects	RR	1.06 [1.00, 1.13]	0.06
Postoperative back pain VAS Scores [7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16–21, 25–30]	17	0	449	452	0	Fixed effects	MD	− 0.18 [− 0.22, − 0.13]	< 0.00001
Postoperative leg pain VAS Scores [7, 11, 17–20, 25–30]	12	0	392	404	7	Fixed effects	MD	− 0.09 [− 0.18, − 0.01]	0.04
Postoperative ODI Scores [7–10, 12–14, 16–21, 25–30]	16	3	687	703	82	Random effects	MD	− 1.54 [− 2.44, − 0.64]	0.0008
Postoperative SLA [12, 20, 25, 26, 29, 30]	5	1	178	204	22	Fixed effects	MD	1.37 [0.85, 1.89]	< 0.00001
Postoperative LLA [7, 12, 13, 25, 26, 28–30]	7	1	338	335	38	Fixed effects	MD	2.29 [1.63, 2.95]	< 0.00001
Postoperative JOA scores [7, 8, 11, 13, 16, 17]	5	1	172	180	19	Fixed effects	MD	− 0.03 [− 0.24, − 0.17]	0.75
Postoperative disc height [7, 10, 12, 15–23, 25, 26, 28, 30]	15	1	659	648	87	Random effects	MD	1.22 [0.69, 1.74]	< 0.00001
Postoperative complications [7–10, 12–14, 16–19, 21, 23, 25–30]	16	3	758	712	22	Fixed effects	RR	0.95 [0.76, 1.18]	0.61